Low viscosity lubricants based on methyl paraffin containing hydrocarbon fluids

Abstract

A lubricating oil base stock including a lubricating oil base stock including from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. The lubricating oil base stock has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.15−0.765*ln(x). Also provided is a lubricating oil containing the lubricating oil base stock and one or more lubricating oil additives. A method for improving one or more of thermal and oxidative stability, deposit control and traction control in a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil containing the lubricating oil base stock and one or more lubricating oil additives is also provided.

1 . A lubricating oil base stock comprising from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane, wherein the base stock has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.15−0.765*ln(x). 
     
     
         2 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 1.5 to 3.5 cSt. 
     
     
         3 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 4.0 to 14.0 cSt. 
     
     
         4 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1  comprising about 30 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 70 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         5 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1  comprising about 10 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 90 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         6 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 of 10 to 90%. 
     
     
         7 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a Viscosity Index from about 100 to 170 as determined by ASTM D2270. 
     
     
         8 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a pour point of from about −10 to −80° C. as determined by ASTM D5950. 
     
     
         9 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) of from about 0.0060 to 0.0090. 
     
     
         10 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) that is about 20 to 180% lower than a Group II or Group III base stock of comparable KV100° C. viscosity. 
     
     
         11 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 1 , wherein the base stock has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 1.6 cP as determined by ASTM D4683, and a Noack volatility from about 16 to about 30 percent as determined by ASTM D5800. 
     
     
         12 . A lubricating oil comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more additives, said lubricating oil base stock comprising from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane, wherein the base stock has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.15-0.765*ln(x). 
     
     
         13 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12  wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of a viscosity improver or modifier, antioxidant, detergent, dispersant, pour point depressant, corrosion inhibitor, metal deactivator, seal compatibility additive, anti-foam agent, inhibitor, anti-rust additive and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the major amount of the lubricating oil base stock is from about 55 to 99 wt % of the lubricating oil and the minor amount of the one or more additives is from about 45 to 1 wt % of the lubricating oil. 
     
     
         15 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 2.0 to 6.0 cSt. 
     
     
         16 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 5.0 to 25.0 cSt. 
     
     
         17 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12  wherein the lubricating oil base stock comprises about 30 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 70 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         18 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12  wherein the lubricating oil base stock comprises about 10 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 90 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         19 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 of 10 to 90%. 
     
     
         20 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a Viscosity Index from about 100 to 200 as determined by ASTM D2270. 
     
     
         21 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a pour point of from about −10 to −60° C. as determined by ASTM D5950. 
     
     
         22 . The lubricating oil base stock of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) of from about 0.0050 to 0.0090. 
     
     
         23 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) that is about 20 to 180% lower than a comparable lubricating oil including a Group II or a Group III base stock of comparable KV100° C. viscosity. 
     
     
         24 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683. 
     
     
         25 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has an oxidation stability (210 hour test with time to 200% KV40 increase) of from about 60 to 150 hours. 
     
     
         26 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has resistance to deposit formation as measured by TEOST 33C test for 2 hours at 200 to 480 deg. C per ASTM D6335 of from 10 to 30 mg. 
     
     
         27 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a Cold Crank Simulator (CC S) viscosity at −35 deg. C per ASTM D5293 of from 700 to 1000 mPa·s. 
     
     
         28 . The lubricating oil of  claim 13  wherein the one or more additives include a viscosity modifier selected from a polymethacrylate, a hydrocarbon hydrogenated polyisoprene star polymer and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         29 . The lubricating oil of  claim 28  wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683. 
     
     
         30 . The lubricating oil of  claim 28  wherein the oil has a Viscosity Index from about 220 to 340 as determined by ASTM D2270. 
     
     
         31 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12  further including a cobase stock at from 5 to 40 wt %, wherein the cobase stock is selected from the group consisting of a Group I base stock, a Group II base stock, a Group III base stock, a Group IV base stock, a Group V base stock and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         32 . The lubricating oil of  claim 12 , wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683, and a Noack volatility from about 15 to about 90 percent as determined by ASTM D5800. 
     
     
         33 . A method for improving one or more of thermal and oxidative stability, deposit control and traction control in a lubricating oil comprising:
 providing a lubricating oil including a major amount of a lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more additives, said lubricating oil base stock comprising from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane,   wherein the base stock has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.15−0.765*ln(x), and   using the lubricating oil in a formulated oil to improve one or more of thermal and oxidative stability, deposit control and traction control.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33  wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of a viscosity improver or modifier, antioxidant, detergent, dispersant, pour point depressant, corrosion inhibitor, metal deactivator, seal compatibility additive, anti-foam agent, inhibitor, anti-rust additive and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the major amount of the lubricating oil base stock is from about 55 to 99 wt % of the lubricating oil and the minor amount of the one or more additives is from about 45 to 1 wt % of the lubricating oil. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 2.0 to 6.0 cSt. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 of from 5.0 to 25.0 cSt. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the lubricating oil base stock comprises about 30 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 70 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the lubricating oil base stock comprises about 10 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and about 90 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane. 
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 of 10 to 90%. 
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a Viscosity Index from about 100 to 200 as determined by ASTM D2270. 
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a pour point of from about −10 to −60° C. as determined by ASTM D5950. 
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) of from about 0.0050 to 0.0090. 
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a MTM average traction coefficient (at 100 deg. C, 1 GPa, 2 m/s and 0-100% SRR) that is about 20 to 180% lower than a comparable lubricating oil including a Group II or a Group III base stock of comparable KV100° C. viscosity. 
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683. 
     
     
         46 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has an oxidation stability (210 hour test with time to 200% KV40 increase) of from about 60 to 150 hours. 
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has resistance to deposit formation as measured by TEOST 33C test for 2 hours at 200 to 480 deg. C per ASTM D6335 of from 10 to 30 mg. 
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a Cold Crank Simulator (CCS) viscosity at −35 deg. C per ASTM D5293 of from 700 to 1000 mPa·s. 
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 34 , wherein the one or more additives include a viscosity modifier selected from a polymethacrylate, a hydrocarbon hydrogenated polyisoprene star polymer and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 49  wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683. 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 49  wherein the oil has a Viscosity Index from about 220 to 340 as determined by ASTM D2270. 
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 33  wherein the oil further includes a cobase stock at from 5 to 40 wt % of the formulated oil, wherein the cobase stock is selected from the group consisting of a Group I base stock, a Group II base stock, a Group III base stock, a Group IV base stock, a Group V base stock and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the oil has a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity of less than about 2.3 cP as determined by ASTM D4683, and a Noack volatility from about 15 to about 90 percent as determined by ASTM D5800. 
     
     
         54 . A method of making a low viscosity low volatility lubricating oil comprising:
 providing a lubricating oil base stock and one or more additives, wherein the lubricating oil base stock comprises from 5 to 50 wt % of 9-methylnonadecane and from 95 to 50 wt % of 9-methyl-11-octylheneicosane, and   blending a major amount of the lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of the one or more additives to form the lubricating oil,   wherein the lubricating oil base has a relationship between Noack volatility at 250° C. as measured by ASTM D5800 (y) and kinematic viscosity at 40° C. as measured by ASTM D445 (x) that is less than y=2.15−0.765 ln(x).