Nanostructure Lithium Ion Battery

Abstract

The embodiments of the embodiments of the Nanostructure Lithium Ion Battery are comprised of a multi-layer coaxial assembly formed over a cylindrical core. The multilayers are each comprised of sublayers in order as follows: a copper sublayer with nano “chicken wire” embedded in the copper sublayer for current collection, a nanostructured aluminum substrate sublayer, a nanostructured cathode sublayer, an electrolyte sublayer, a nanostructured anode sublayer, and a copper interlayer sublayer. The nanobatteries are arranged in layered stacks of nanocells. The nanocells stacks are comprised of a plurality of individual octagonal shaped multilayer nanocells. Each nanocell stack is electrically connected to an array of other nanocells stacks via electrode contacts. A lower copper bus serves as the anode current collector and an upper copper bus serves as the cathode current collector. Pass-throughs connect to the appropriate cathode layers in the multilayer nanocell stacks.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A nanostructured battery comprised of
 a. a multi-layer coaxial assembly formed over a cylindrical core where the multilayers are each comprised of sublayers in the order:
 i. a copper sublayer with nano chicken wire embedded in the copper sublayer for current collection, 
 ii. a nanostructured aluminum substrate sublayer, 
 iii. a nanostructured cathode sublayer, 
 iv. an electrolyte sublayer, 
 v. a nanostructured anode sublayer, and 
 vi. a copper interlayer sublayer; and 
   b. where the multilayers are repeated two or more times on the cylindrical core to form embodiments of the nanostructure battery.   
     
     
         2 . A carrier for the multilayered nanocomposite battery comprising
 a. a platform with a Kelvin probe compliant contact material;   b. a piston structure;   c. a compliant electrical contact using a Kelvin probe.   
     
     
         3 . Nanostructure battery packaging comprised of
 a. arrays of multi-layered nanocells stacks;   b. wherein the trays housing the multi-layered nanocells stacks are 3-D printed;   c. wherein the trays housing the multi-layered nanocells stacks are 3-D printed to include voids to provide a specific amount of structurally flexibility while optimizing the amount of material used;   d. wherein the nanocells stacks are comprised of a plurality of individual octagonal shaped nanocells stacks; and   e. wherein each nanocell stack is electrically connected to an array of other nanocells stacks via electrode contacts.   
     
     
         4 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery by plasma vapor deposition by radio-frequency sputtering of constituent layers of a multiple layer assembly. 
     
     
         5 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery comprising the steps of
 a. sputtering a conductive layer onto a substrate or the electrode interface;   b. sputtering an interface layer at an oblique angle onto the surface of the conducting layer;   c. sputtering an anode material layer on the surface of the interface layer;   d. sputtering an electrolyte layer onto the anode layer;   e. sputtering a cathode material layer on the surface of the electrolyte;   f. Sputtering a conducting layer on the surface of the cathode   g. repeating steps b through f until the desired number of layers are formed, and   h. sealing the layers by sputtering insulating polymer strips.   
     
     
         6 . The method of determining the alternating current electrical characteristics of a coating comprising the steps of
 a. coating the inner conductor of an air coaxial transmission line with the structured electrolyte coating to be analyzed,   b. performing an impedance analysis of the coating and coaxial line to determine the physical and electrical properties of the coating as an electrolyte for a nanobattery system of multilayered nanostructured materials.   
     
     
         7 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery comprising the isolation of the end portions of the multilayered nanocomposite battery. 
     
     
         8 . The method of forming a current collecting structure wherein anode connections emanate from one end of the battery and the cathode connections at the other end. At each end a method of integrating the connections to make external battery connections and mechanical support are employed. 
     
     
         9 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery comprising the use of oblique sputtering to form a nanoscale electrode template augmented by magnetic modulation of the plasma. 
     
     
         10 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery comprising the steps of adding layers of mechanical enhancers to the multilayered assembly for the purposes of strengthening the mechanical properties of the overall multilayered battery assembly. 
     
     
         11 . A carrier for the multilayered nanocomposite battery to determine the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite battery comprising
 a. platform with Kelvin probe compliant contact material   b. piston structure   c. compliant electrical contact using Kelvin probe   d. adjustable spring force assembly   e. atmospheric seal   f. external heater interface   
     
     
         12 . The method of analyzing the performance of the multilayered nanocomposite battery comprising:
 a. The prototype cell carrier;   b. charge/discharge unit electrical connections   c. cell loading/unloading means under controlled atmosphere   d. network analyzer connection for dynamic impedance analysis   
     
     
         13 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery comprising the steps of sputtering nanocomposite or nanostructured electrodes using oblique sputtering to form the nanostructured electrodes. 
     
     
         14 . The method of forming a nanocomposite battery wherein all layers are formed by sputtering.