Solid state electrolyte and electrode compositions

Abstract

A lithium ion battery having an anode, a solid electrolyte, and a cathode. The cathode includes an electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and a polymer material. The solid electrolyte can include a second lithium salt. The solid electrolyte can include a ceramic material, a lithium salt, and a polymer material.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A lithium ion battery, comprising:
 an anode;   a cathode comprising an electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and an ion conducting polymer material; and   a solid electrolyte comprising a second lithium salt.   
     
     
         2 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the first lithium salt and the polymer material are arranged together in domains within the cathode, the electrode active material is arranged in domains within the cathode, interfaces are found where the domains of the first lithium salt and the ion conducting polymer material and the domains of the electrode active material meet, and the first lithium salt is found preferentially at the interfaces. 
     
     
         3 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the ion conducting polymer material comprises poly(ethylene oxide). 
     
     
         4 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the ion conducting polymer material comprises poly(ethylene glycol). 
     
     
         5 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the first lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium chlorate (LiClO 3 ), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiC 2 O 4 BF 2 ), lithium metaborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ), and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the first lithium salt comprises lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ) or lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ). 
     
     
         7 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the second lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium chlorate (LiClO 3 ), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiC 2 O 4 BF 2 ), lithium metaborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ), and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The battery of  claim 6 , wherein the second lithium salt comprises lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ). 
     
     
         9 . The battery of  claim 1 , wherein the first lithium salt migrates into the solid electrolyte. 
     
     
         10 . A lithium ion battery, comprising:
 an anode;   a solid electrolyte comprising an ion conducting ceramic material, a first lithium salt, and an ion conducting polymer material; and   a cathode.   
     
     
         11 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the cathode comprises a second lithium salt. 
     
     
         12 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the first lithium salt and the ion conducting polymer material are arranged together in domains within the solid electrolyte, the ion conducting ceramic material is arranged in domains within the solid electrolyte, interfaces are found where the domains of the first lithium salt and the ion conducting polymer material and the domains of the ion conducting ceramic material meet, and the first lithium salt is found preferentially at the interfaces. 
     
     
         13 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the ion conducting polymer material comprises poly(ethylene oxide). 
     
     
         14 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the ion conducting polymer material comprises poly(ethylene glycol). 
     
     
         15 . The material of  claim 10 , wherein the ion conducting ceramic material comprises a garnet material. 
     
     
         16 . The material of  claim 10 , wherein the ion conducting ceramic material comprises a cubic garnet phase, a sulfide glass, a lithium ion conducting glass ceramic, or a phosphate ceramic material. 
     
     
         17 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the first lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium chlorate (LiClO 3 ), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiC 2 O 4 BF 2 ), lithium metaborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ), and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The battery of  claim 10 , wherein the first lithium salt comprises lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ) or lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ). 
     
     
         19 . The battery of  claim 11 , wherein the second lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium bromide (LiBr), lithium chlorate (LiClO 3 ), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiC 2 O 4 BF 2 ), lithium metaborate (Li 2 B 4 O 7 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (CF 3 SO 2 NLiSO 2 CF 3 ), and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The battery of  claim 18 , wherein the second lithium salt comprises lithium triflate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ).