Nanocellulose production co-located at a pulp and paper mill

Abstract

Some variations provide a process for producing a nanocellulose material, comprising: providing a biomass feedstock comprising a bleached or unbleached pulp material; fractionating the feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals, thereby generating a nanocellulose material. The process is preferably co-located with, or adjacent to, a mill that generates the pulp material. There are several advantages of a bolt-on AVAP® nanocellulose plant to an existing pulp mill, as disclosed herein.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A process for producing a nanocellulose material, said process comprising:
 (a) providing a biomass feedstock comprising an unbleached pulp material;   (b) fractionating said feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin;   (c) mechanically treating said cellulose-rich solids to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals, thereby generating a nanocellulose material having a crystallinity of at least 60%; and   (d) recovering said nanocellulose material.   
     
     
         2 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said pulp material is a chemical pulp, a mechanical pulp, a chemimechanical pulp, a thermomechanical pulp, a chemithermomechanical pulp, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The process of  claim 2 , wherein said pulp material is a chemical pulp consisting of a kraft pulp, a sulfite pulp, a soda pulp, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said pulp material is recycled pulp from a pulp and paper mill. 
     
     
         5 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said pulp material is recycled pulp from a paper product. 
     
     
         6 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said acid is a sulfur-containing acid. 
     
     
         7 . The process of  claim 6 , wherein said sulfur-containing acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, sulfurous acid, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acids, lignosulfonic acids, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said solvent for lignin is an aliphatic alcohol. 
     
     
         9 . The process of  claim 8 , wherein said aliphatic alcohol is ethanol. 
     
     
         10 . The process of  claim 1 , wherein said process is co-located with a process that generates said pulp material. 
     
     
         11 . A process for producing a nanocellulose material, said process comprising:
 (a) providing a biomass feedstock comprising an bleached pulp material;   (b) fractionating said feedstock in the presence of an acid and water, and optionally a solvent, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin;   (c) mechanically treating said cellulose-rich solids to form cellulose fibrils and/or cellulose crystals, thereby generating a nanocellulose material having a crystallinity of at least 60%; and   (d) recovering said nanocellulose material.   
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said pulp material is a chemical pulp, a mechanical pulp, a chemimechanical pulp, a thermomechanical pulp, a chemithermomechanical pulp, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein said pulp material is a chemical pulp consisting of a kraft pulp, a sulfite pulp, a soda pulp, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said pulp material is recycled pulp from a pulp and paper mill. 
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said pulp material is recycled pulp from a paper product. 
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said acid is a sulfur-containing acid. 
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein said sulfur-containing acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, sulfurous acid, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acids, lignosulfonic acids, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said solvent is present and is an aliphatic alcohol. 
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 18 , wherein said aliphatic alcohol is ethanol. 
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 11 , wherein said process is co-located with a process that generates said pulp material.