Use of corrosion inhibitors for fuels and lubricants

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel uses of corrosion inhibitors in fuels and lubricants.

1 . A reaction product, comprising an optionally purified quaternized nitrogen compound, wherein,
 the reaction product is obtained by reacting a quaternizable nitrogen compound comprising at least one quaternizable amino group with a quaternizing agent that converts the at least one quaternizable amino group to a quaternary ammonium group; and   the quaternizing agent is a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with a free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid.   
     
     
         2 . (canceled) 
     
     
         3 : A process, comprising inhibiting corrosion in a gasoline fuel, by combining the gasoline fuel with the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         4 : A process, comprising reducing corrosion of nonferrous metals in a fuel by combining the fuel with the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         5 : A process, comprising increasing electrical conductivity and reducing electrostatic charging in a fuel, by combining the fuel with the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         6 : A process, comprising completely or partially preventing formation of deposits, completely or partially removing deposits, or both, in fuel inlet and outlet valves of a gasoline engine having port fuel injectors, by operating the gasoline engine with a fuel comprising the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         7 . The reaction product of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternizable nitrogen compound is selected from the group consisting of:
 a) at least one alkylamine comprising at least one compound of formula (3):
   R a R b R c N  (3),
 
 wherein 
 at least one of the R a , R b  and R c  radicals is a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 40 -hydrocarbyl radical and the other radicals are identical or different, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 6 -hydrocarbyl radical; 
   b) at least one polyalkene-substituted amine comprising at least one quaternizable amino group;   c) at least one polyether-substituted amine comprising at least one quaternizable amino group; and   d) at least one reaction product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and a compound comprising a nitrogen or oxygen atom and additionally comprising at least one quaternizable amino group; and   e) mixtures thereof.   
     
     
         8 : The reaction product of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternizable nitrogen compound is an alkylamine comprising at least one compound of formula (3):
   R a R b R c N  (3),
   
       wherein the R a , R b  and R c  radicals are identical or different, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 40 -hydrocarbyl radicals. 
     
     
         9 : The reaction product of  claim 1 , wherein the quaternizing agent comprises an epoxide of formula (4): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: the R d  radicals are the same or different and represent H or a hydrocarbyl radical, the hydrocarbyl radical being an aliphatic or aromatic radical having at least 1 to 10 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         10 : The reaction product of  claim 1 , wherein the free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid of the quaternizing agent is a hydrocarbyl-substituted C 3 -C 28  dicarboxylic acid. 
     
     
         11 : The reaction product of  claim 1 , wherein a hydrocarbyl substituent of the polycarboxylic acid is a polyalkylene radical having a polymerization level of 2 to 100. 
     
     
         12 : The reaction product of  claim 7 , wherein the quaternizable tertiary amine is a compound of the formula (3) in which at least two of the R a , R b  and R c  radicals are the same or different and represent a straight-chain or branched C 10 -C 20 -alkyl radical and the other radical is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl. 
     
     
         13 : The reaction product of  claim 9 , wherein the quaternizing agent is at least one lower alkylene oxides in combination with the hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid. 
     
     
         14 : A process, comprising inhibiting corrosion of iron, steel, a nonferrous metal surface, or a combination thereof, by contacting the iron, steel, a nonferrous metal surface, or a combination thereof with the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         15 : The process of  claim 4 , wherein the fuel is a diesel or gasoline fuel. 
     
     
         16 : A process, comprising inhibiting corrosion in a fuel having a content of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, or a combination thereof, of at least 0.1 ppm by weight, by combining the fuel with the reaction product of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         17 : The process of  claim 16 , wherein the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, or combination thereof, are selected from the group consisting of sodium, zinc, magnesium and calcium.