Compressor and heat exchange system

Abstract

Disclosed is a compressor, including a crankshaft ( 10 ), and a first cylinder ( 20 ), a second cylinder ( 30 ) and a third cylinder ( 40 ) arranged sequentially in an axial direction of the crankshaft ( 10 ). The first cylinder ( 20 ) is a high-pressure cylinder, and the second cylinder ( 30 ) and the third cylinder ( 40 ) are low-pressure cylinders. The compressor also comprises a capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) for controlling loading and unloading of the third cylinder ( 40 ). The compressor has a full operation mode and a partial operation mode. By means of the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) provided in the compressor, at least one cylinder is allowed to be put into use or unloaded under the action of the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ), thus enabling a capacity variation switching function of the compressor to meet operational requirements of different operating conditions.

1 . A compressor, comprising a crankshaft ( 10 ), and a first cylinder ( 20 ), a second cylinder ( 30 ) and a third cylinder ( 40 ) arranged sequentially in an axial direction of the crankshaft ( 10 ), the first cylinder ( 20 ) being a high-pressure cylinder, and the second cylinder ( 30 ) and the third cylinder ( 40 ) being low-pressure cylinders, wherein the compressor also comprises a capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ), the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) controls unloading or loading of the third cylinder ( 30 ), and the compressor has a full operation mode and a partial operation mode;
 when the compressor is in the full operation mode, the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) loads the third cylinder ( 40 ) under the action of the discharge pressure of the compressor; and   when the compressor is in the partial operation mode, the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) unloads the third cylinder ( 40 ) under the action of the inlet pressure of the compressor.   
     
     
         2 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) comprises:
 a pressure control portion, the pressure control portion being selectively communicated with an air outlet of the compressor or an air inlet of the compressor; and   a locking member ( 52 ), the pressure control portion controlling a cooperative relationship between the locking member ( 52 ) and a sliding sheet ( 41 ) of the third cylinder ( 40 ), wherein when the pressure control portion is communicated with the air inlet of the compressor, the locking member ( 52 ) is locked to the sliding sheet ( 41 ) of the third cylinder ( 40 ) to make the third cylinder ( 40 ) unloaded, and when the pressure control portion is communicated with the air outlet of the compressor, the locking member ( 52 ) is unlocked with the sliding sheet ( 41 ) of the third cylinder ( 40 ) to make the third cylinder ( 40 ) loaded.   
     
     
         3 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 2 , wherein the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) further comprises an elastic reset element ( 53 ), a first end of the locking member ( 52 ) is unlocked with or locked to the sliding sheet ( 41 ), the elastic reset element ( 53 ) is provided at a second end, opposite to the first end, of the locking member ( 52 ), and the pressure control portion controls the pressure on the first end of the locking member ( 52 ). 
     
     
         4 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the capacity variation switching mechanism ( 50 ) further comprises a pressure stabilizing branch ( 54 ), the first end of the pressure stabilizing branch ( 54 ) is communicated with the air inlet of the compressor, and a second end of the pressure stabilizing branch ( 54 ) supplies pressure to the second end of the locking member ( 52 ). 
     
     
         5 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 3 , wherein the pressure control portion comprises:
 a first branch ( 511 ), a first end of the first branch ( 511 ) being communicated with the air inlet of the compressor, and a second end of the first branch ( 511 ) controlling the pressure on the first end of the locking member ( 52 );   a first on-off valve ( 512 ) for controlling on-off of the first branch ( 511 ), the first on-off valve ( 512 ) being provided on the first branch ( 511 );   a second branch ( 513 ), a first end of the second branch ( 513 ) being communicated with the air outlet of the compressor, and a second end of the second branch ( 513 ) controlling the pressure on the first end of the locking member ( 52 ); and   a second on-off valve ( 514 ) for controlling on-off of the second branch ( 513 ), the second on-off valve ( 514 ) being provided on the second branch ( 513 ).   
     
     
         6 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 1 , the compressor further comprising a mixer ( 60 ), wherein a first air inlet ( 61 ) of the mixer ( 60 ) is communicated with an air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), a mixer air outlet ( 62 ) of the mixer ( 60 ) is communicated with an air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ), and a second air inlet ( 63 ) of the mixer ( 60 ) is an air supply port. 
     
     
         7 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 6 , the compressor further comprising a first partition board ( 70 ), the first partition board ( 70 ) being provided between the second cylinder ( 30 ) and the third cylinder ( 40 ). 
     
     
         8 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 7 , wherein the first partition board ( 70 ) is provided with a first partition board cavity ( 71 ) communicated with the air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the second cylinder ( 30 ) is further provided with an external communication port ( 31 ) communicated with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the first air inlet ( 61 ) of the mixer ( 60 ) is communicated with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ) via the external communication port ( 31 ), and when the compressor is in the partial operation mode, an air inlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the external communication port ( 31 ) of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the mixer ( 60 ), the air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) and an air outlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) are communicated sequentially. 
     
     
         9 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 8 , wherein the third cylinder ( 40 ) is provided with a first middle flow channel ( 42 ) isolated from a compression chamber of the third cylinder ( 40 ), and the compressor further comprises:
 a second partition board ( 80 ), the second partition board ( 80 ) being provided between the first partition board ( 70 ) and the third cylinder ( 40 ), and the second partition board ( 80 ) being further provided with a second partition board communication hole communicating the first middle flow channel ( 42 ) of the third cylinder ( 40 ) with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ); and   a first flange ( 90 ), the first flange ( 90 ) being provided on one side, away from the second cylinder ( 30 ), of the third cylinder ( 40 ), the first flange ( 90 ) being provided with a first flange cavity ( 91 ), and the first flange cavity ( 91 ) being communicated with an air outlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ) and the first middle flow channel ( 42 ) separately, wherein when the compressor is in the full operation mode, the air inlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the external communication port ( 31 ) of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the mixer ( 60 ), the air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) and the air outlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) are communicated sequentially, and the air inlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ) is communicated with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ) via the air outlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ), the first flange cavity ( 91 ), the first middle flow channel ( 42 ) and the second partition board communication hole.   
     
     
         10 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 1 , the compressor further comprising an enthalpy-increasing component ( 100 ), the enthalpy-increasing component ( 100 ) being communicated with the air inlet of a first cylinder ( 20 ). 
     
     
         11 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 10 , further comprising:
 a first partition board ( 70 ), the first partition board ( 70 ) being provided between the second cylinder ( 30 ) and the first cylinder ( 20 ); and   a third partition board ( 16 ), the third partition board ( 16 ) being provided between the first cylinder ( 20 ) and the first partition board ( 70 ).   
     
     
         12 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the third partition board ( 16 ) is provided with a third partition board communication hole, the first partition board ( 70 ) is provided with a first partition board cavity ( 71 ) communicated with an air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the first partition board cavity ( 71 ) is communicated with an air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) via the third partition board communication hole, and when the compressor is in the partial operation mode, an air inlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the third partition board communication hole, the air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) and an air outlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) are communicated sequentially. 
     
     
         13 . The compressor as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the third cylinder ( 40 ) is provided with a first middle flow channel ( 42 ) isolated from a compression chamber of the third cylinder ( 40 ), the second cylinder ( 30 ) is further provided with a second middle flow channel ( 32 ) isolated from a compression chamber of the second cylinder ( 30 ), and the second middle flow channel ( 32 ) is communicated with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the compressor further comprising:
 a second partition board ( 80 ), the second partition board ( 80 ) being provided between the second cylinder ( 30 ) and the third cylinder ( 40 ), and the second partition board ( 80 ) being further provided with a second partition board communication hole communicating the first middle flow channel ( 42 ) of the third cylinder ( 40 ) with the second middle flow channel ( 32 ) of the second cylinder ( 30 ); and   a first flange ( 90 ), the first flange ( 90 ) being provided on one side, away from the second cylinder ( 30 ), of the third cylinder ( 40 ), the first flange ( 90 ) being provided with a first flange cavity ( 91 ), and the first flange cavity ( 91 ) being communicated with the air outlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ) and the first middle flow channel ( 42 ) separately, wherein when the compressor is in the full operation mode, the air inlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the air outlet of the second cylinder ( 30 ), the first partition board cavity ( 71 ), the air inlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) and the air outlet of the first cylinder ( 20 ) are communicated sequentially, and the air inlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ) is communicated with the first partition board cavity ( 71 ) via the air outlet of the third cylinder ( 40 ), the first flange cavity ( 91 ), the first middle flow channel ( 42 ), the second partition board communication hole and the second middle flow channel ( 32 ).   
     
     
         14 . A heat exchange system, comprising a compressor, wherein the compressor is the compressor as claimed in  claim 1 .