Controlled led light output by selective area roughening

Abstract

The surface of a light emitting device is roughened to enhance the light extraction efficiency of the surface, but the amount of roughened area is selected to achieve a desired level of light extraction efficiency. Photo-lithographic techniques may be used to create a mask that limits the roughening to select areas of the light emitting surface. Because the amount of roughened area can be precisely controlled, the light extraction efficiency can be precisely controlled, substantially independent of the particular process used to roughen the surface. Additionally, the selective roughening of the surface may be used to achieve a desired light emission output pattern.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An apparatus comprising:
 a light emitting device configured to emit a target light extraction efficiency such that a proportion of a roughened surface area to a not roughened surface area is determined based on an output function to obtain the target light extraction efficiency; and   a light emitting surface comprising the roughened surface area and not roughened surface area such that the roughened surface area is adjacent to the not roughened surface area.   
     
     
         2 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein a mask material is applied to generate the roughened surface area. 
     
     
         3 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , wherein the light emitting device emits light from the roughened surface area at a first light output level and from not roughened area at a second light output level that is less than the first light output level. 
     
     
         4 . The apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the first light output level is approximately twice the second light output level. 
     
     
         5 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the roughened surface area is patterned to provide a distinguishable optical effect. 
     
     
         6 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the output function is linear such that when the proportion of roughened surface area to a not roughened surface area is increased by X, the light extraction efficiency is also increased by X. 
     
     
         7 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the output function is non-linear such that when the proportion of roughened surface area to a not roughened surface area is increased by X, the light extraction efficiency is increased by Y. 
     
     
         8 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the output function comprises variables from one of a roughened surface area, a not roughened surface area, and a target light extraction efficiency. 
     
     
         9 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the roughened surface area comprises a plurality of select areas, and at least one of the select areas is roughened to a degree of roughness that differs from a degree of roughness of another of the select areas. 
     
     
         10 . A method comprising:
 determining a target light extraction efficiency of a light emitting device;   determining, based on an output function, a proportion of a roughened surface area to a not roughened surface area wherein the light emitting device emits the target light extraction efficiency when configured based on the determined proportion;   applying a surface etch process on a light emitting surface to create the roughened surface area, wherein the roughened surface area relative to the not roughened surface area is based on the determined proportion; and   applying an etch-inhibiting pattern on the light emitting surface to create the not roughened surface area, wherein the amount of the not roughened surface area relative to the amount of roughened surface area is based on the determined proportion, and wherein the area that is not roughened is adjacent to the roughened surface area.   
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the light emitting surface is a top surface of the light emitting device that is not covered by a contact. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the applying the etch-inhibiting pattern includes applying a mask material. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein applying the mask material includes a photo-lithographic process. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the light emitting device emits light from the roughened surface area at a first light output level and from the area that is not roughened at a second light output level that is less than the first light output level. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the roughened surface area is patterned to provide a distinguishable optical effect. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the output function is one of a linear function and a non-linear function. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the output function comprises variables selected from the group consisting of a roughened surface area, a not roughened surface area, and a target light extraction efficiency. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein the roughened surface area comprises a plurality of select areas, and at least one of the select areas is roughened to a degree of roughness that differs from a degree of roughness of another of the select areas. 
     
     
         19 . A method comprising:
 determining a target light extraction efficiency of a light emitting device;   determining that a proportion, X/Y, of a roughened surface area to a not roughened surface area results in the target light extraction efficiency for the light emitting device;   applying a surface etch process on the light emitting surface to create the roughened surface area, wherein the roughened surface area relative to the not roughened surface area is X; and   applying an etch-inhibiting pattern on the light emitting surface to create the not roughened surface area, wherein the not roughened surface area relative to the roughened surface area is Y.