US2018155214A1PendingUtilityA1
Compositions and methods for the removal of phosphates and other contaminants from aqueous solutions
Est. expiryAug 30, 2032(~6.1 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
C02F 1/281C02F 2101/105C02F 2103/001C02F 2103/20C04B 14/06C04B 22/064C02F 1/288C04B 2111/00189C04B 22/062C02F 2101/163C04B 28/18C02F 2103/32C02F 2103/22B01J 20/3078B01J 20/10C02F 2101/20C04B 40/024Y02P40/615Y02P40/60
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Claims
Abstract
Compositions and methods for removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modifiedWhat is claimed is:
1 . A method of producing a composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution, comprising:
(a) forming a slurry comprising calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, an alkali and a solvent, wherein the molar ratio of the calcium oxide:the silicon dioxide:the alkali ranges from 2.43-2.97:1.12-1.38:0.9-1.1; and (b) producing the composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution by subjecting the slurry to a hydrothermal process for about 1 to about 6 hours under about 13.5 to 16.5 psi of pressure.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising (c) heating the composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution at about 540° C. to 660° C. for at least about 27 minutes.
3 . The method of claim 1 or 2 , wherein the alkali is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
4 . The method of claims 1 - 3 , wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide.
5 . The method of claims 1 - 4 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, t-butanol, ethanol, formic acid, isopropanol, methanol, nitromethane, water, and a mixture thereof.
6 . The method of claims 1 - 5 , wherein the solvent comprises water.
7 . The method of claims 2 - 7 , wherein the heating step of claim (c) is performed at about 600° C. for at least 30 minutes.
8 . A method of producing a composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution, comprising:
(a) forming a slurry comprising calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, an alkali, a solvent and a metal halide salt, wherein the molar ratio of the calcium oxide:the silicon dioxide:the alkali:the metal halide salt ranges from 48.6-59.4:22.5-27.5:18-22:4.95-6.05; and (b) producing the composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution by subjecting the slurry to a hydrothermal process for about 1 to about 6 hours under about 13.5 to 16.5 psi of pressure.
9 . The method of claim 8 , further comprising (c) heating the composition capable of removing phosphates, nitrates and heavy metals from a solution at about 540° C. to 660° C. for at least about 27 minutes.
10 . The method of claim 8 or 9 , wherein the alkali is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
11 . The method of claims 8 - 10 , wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide.
12 . The method of claims 8 - 11 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, t-butanol, ethanol, formic acid, isopropanol, methanol, nitromethane, water, and a mixture thereof.
13 . The method of claims 8 - 12 , wherein the solvent comprises water.
14 . The method of claims 8 - 13 , wherein the metal halide salt is selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, lanthanum chloride, and magnesium chloride.
15 . The method of claims 8 - 14 , wherein the metal halide salt is ferric chloride hexahydrate.
16 . The method of claims 8 - 15 , wherein the heating step of claim (c) is performed at 600° C. for at least 30 minutes.
17 . A composition produced by the method of claims 1 - 16 .
18 . A composition characterized by the EDS spectrum shown in FIG. 8 .
19 . A composition characterized by the XRD spectrum shown in FIG. 9 .
20 . A composition comprising calcium silicate, calcium hydroxide, sodium chloride, silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate crystal structures characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern expressed in terms of Bragg angle 2Θ, interplanar spacing, and relative intensity values:
Bragg angle 2Θ
d
Relative intensity
18.1063
4.89532
28.67409
19.8817
4.46199
4.547442
20.8849
4.24989
10.05302
23.1636
3.8367
4.609025
26.6747
3.33912
63.91426
27.4448
3.24714
8.931069
28.7186
3.10595
9.66074
29.3996
3.03554
46.35756
31.6566
2.82407
100
34.2154
2.6185
36.79283
36.037
2.49021
2.083547
39.4625
2.28158
15.03306
41.2618
2.18615
8.137185
43.3281
2.08656
2.265682
45.4881
1.99237
56.2733
47.2604
1.92171
14.82384
47.4848
1.91314
11.70157
48.6166
1.87122
5.406887
50.137
1.81798
9.067216
50.8006
1.79578
13.45406
54.3658
1.68613
6.826049
56.523
1.62679
16.33507
59.9928
1.54073
6.003494
62.7463
1.47958
1.05093
64.2216
1.4491
2.82968
66.2656
1.40927
6.570272
68.2524
1.37301
4.79262
75.3313
1.26058
13.07787
81.4414
1.18074
1.714596
84.0006
1.15116
9.304232
84.7205
1.14321
3.51105
107.4102
0.95571
0.94311
110.036
0.94013
4.214059
21 . A method of removing phosphates, nitrates and/or heavy metals from a solution, comprising contacting and reacting the composition of claims 17 - 20 with a solution containing phosphates, nitrates and/or heavy metals.
22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the solution is contained within a reaction chamber and the composition is contacted and reacted with the solution under centrifugal force.
23 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the solution is a final DAF or process stream.
24 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the composition is contacted and reacted with the solution by way of a portion injector.
25 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the composition is contacted and reacted with the solution by slurry broadcast.
26 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the composition is formed into a buried barrier.
27 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the composition is in the form of a flocculant and further comprises a polymer.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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