US2018106534A1PendingUtilityA1
Heat exchanger comprising microstructure elements and separation unit comprising such a heat exchanger
Est. expiryApr 16, 2035(~8.7 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Erwan Le GuludecClement LixDavid QuereQuentin SaniezBernard SaulnierEvan SpruijtMarc Wagner
F28F 13/12F25J 2290/32F25J 2290/20F25J 5/00F28F 3/025F28F 2260/00F28F 13/185F25J 2250/04F25J 2290/44F28D 2021/0033F25J 5/005F28D 9/0062F28F 13/187
33
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Claims
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising parallel plates and spacers arranged in parallel and defining i) rough primary channels and ii) secondary channels arranged so as to exchange heat. Said heat exchanger comprises a primary liquid inlet to be fluidically connected to a primary liquid dispenser. Each rough primary channel has the shape of a prism having a polygonal cross-section and consisting of a plurality of essentially flat faces. The primary channels comprise rough primary channels. Each rough primary channel has microstructure elements which are distributed along the entire length of the channel and have dimensions of between 1 μm and 300 μm.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modified1 - 19 . (canceled)
20 . A heat exchanger, for producing exchanges of heat between a primary liquid and a secondary fluid, the heat exchanger comprising:
a plurality of plates disposed parallel to one another; a plurality of spacers extending between the plates and disposed parallel to the other spacers so as to define i) primary channels conformed for the flow of the primary liquid and ii) secondary channels conformed for the flow of the secondary fluid, each primary channel being arranged so as to be able to exchange heat with at least one respective secondary channel; and a primary liquid inlet, configured to be linked fluidically to a primary liquid distributor, wherein each primary channel has an overall prism form with a polygonal section, the prism form being made up of several overall flat faces, and wherein each primary channel comprises rough primary channels, each rough primary channel having microstructure elements having dimensions of between 1 μm and 300 μm, and wherein the microstructure elements are configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
r> 1+1.3·10 3 ·R a ·ε
in which: r is the ratio of the real surface of a respective rough primary channel, as numerator, to the geometrical surface of a respective rough primary channel, as denominator, R a (in m) is the arithmetic mean deviation relative to the median line, and ε is the void fraction of the real surface of a respective rough primary channel.
21 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein each polygonal section has dimensions of between 1 mm and 10 mm.
22 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 21 , wherein each polygonal section has dimensions of between 3 mm and 7 mm, a rectangular polygonal section having, an approximate length equal to 5 mm and an approximate width equal to 1.5 mm
23 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein microstructure elements are distributed substantially over all the internal periphery of each rough primary channel.
24 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein, for each respective rough primary channel, the microstructure elements are distributed over at least 80% of the surface of the rough primary channel.
25 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the microstructure elements have mutually similar dimensions and mutually similar forms, and in which the microstructure elements are configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
r> 1+1.3·10 3 ·h·ε
in which: h (in m) is the mean height of the microstructure elements.
26 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the microstructure elements are distributed uniformly.
27 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the microstructure elements are configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
d
<
7.5
·
10
-
4
·
P
ɛ
in which:
d (in m) is the mean distance between the centers of the adjacent microstructure elements, the centers being situated on the geometrical surface of the rough primary channel,
P (in m) is the mean perimeter of the section of the microstructure elements.
28 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 27 , wherein the microstructure elements are configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
r
-
1
-
1.3
·
10
3
·
h
·
ɛ
ɛ
/
h
6.7
·
10
-
6
/
d
2
>
4.2
·
10
-
8
and in which the microstructure elements are also configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
d
>
S
0.4
in which: S (in m 2 ) is the mean surface of the section of the microstructures.
29 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 26 , wherein the microstructure elements are distributed only on the long sides of the rectangular base.
30 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the microstructure elements have irregular forms, the microstructure elements also being able to be distributed non-uniformly.
31 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 30 , wherein the microstructure elements are configured such that, for each rough primary channel:
r
-
1
-
1.3
·
10
3
·
R
a
·
ɛ
ɛ
/
R
a
+
1.2
·
10
5
>
4.2
·
10
-
8
.
32 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein each rough primary channel out of at least a part of the rough primary channels has an overall prism form with rectangular base.
33 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the microstructure elements are distributed so as to define between them passages for the flow of the primary liquid.
34 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein each rough primary channel has an arithmetic roughness Ra of between 1 μm and 60 μm.
35 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein each rough primary channel has nanostructure elements distributed over at least 80% of its length, each nanostructure element having dimensions of between 1 nm and 500 nm.
36 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the microstructure elements are formed by a treatment of the surface of each primary element, wherein the treatment is selected from the group consisting of anodization; sandblasting; shotblasting; chemical etching; powder sintering; molten metal projection; laser; photolithography; mechanical etching of rolling, brushing, or printing type; and combinations thereof.
37 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the heat exchanger is configured to form a vaporizer-condenser, the lengths of the rough primary channels and the lengths of the secondary channels being determined such that the exchanges of heat make it possible to totally or partially vaporize the primary liquid and to totally or partially condense the secondary fluid introduced in secondary gas form.
38 . The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , wherein said primary liquid inlet is placed at an altitude greater than the rough primary channels when the heat exchanger is in service such that the primary liquid distributor introduces the primary liquid in the form of a film flowing by gravity through said at least one primary liquid inlet into the rough primary channels.
39 . A separation unit, for separating gas by cryogenics, the separation unit comprising at least one vaporizer-condenser-forming heat exchanger as claimed in claim 20 , the vaporizer-condenser being configured to allow an exchange of heat between a liquid containing oxygen and a gas containing nitrogen.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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