Transdermal delivery of cannabidiol with other active moieties including cannabinoids

Abstract

Transdermal delivery devices for the delivery of cannabidiol (CBD) and related moieties are shown and described. In a reservoir-patch design, a microporous, hydrophilic membrane and a backing define a reservoir that houses a mixture of CBD, a polar liquid, and a gelling agent, along with other moieties that seem to be enhanced or bioavailability of increased by the same. The hydrophilic membrane is coated with an amine-compatible silicone skin adhesive. In a monolithic design, a release liner is coated with a mixture of CBD and a PIB or amine-compatible silicone skin adhesive laminated to the backing material. In using CBD as a pure compound or as one to combine with other moieties, the invention is able to control delivery better than the prior art. Construction of the Transdermal patch of reservoir type is also taught, which enables things such as Vitamin B 12 to become part of the complex deliverable by the inventions.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A transdermal patch comprising a reservoir, the reservoir comprising a solution of cannabidiol (CBD), the reservoir in the shape of a “ravioli” constructed with a microporous hydrophilic or hydrophobic membrane on one side and occlusive film on other side, the reservoir further comprising thixotropic alcohol or alcohol/water solution gelled with hydroxyalkyl cellulose, the transdermal patch further comprising skin adhesive disposed on the microporous membrane, the transdermal patch further comprising a release liner that is removably contacted on the skin adhesive, further comprising an overlay patch placed over the reservoir. 
     
     
         2 . A reservoir patch device for the transdermal delivery of cannabidiol and other moieties, comprising, in combination:
 a backing attached to a hydrophilic, porous membrane to define an enclosed reservoir between the backing and the hydrophilic, porous membrane, wherein the porous membrane has a first side with a skin adhesive and a second side facing the interior of the reservoir;   a preparation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of cannabidiol (CBD) and an organic polar liquid carrier contained in the reservoir, wherein the preparation includes tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THC-a), cannabinol (CBN), and cannabichromene (CBC);   a release liner attached to the first side of the hydrophilic porous membrane, wherein the release liner is selectively removable from the first side of the hydrophilic porous membrane to expose the skin adhesive, wherein said hydrophilic porous membrane is capable of providing a monotonically increasing cumulative flux of CBD through cadaver skin, which at about 17 hours is 700 micrograms CBD per cm 2 , and said hydrophilic porous membrane having mean flow pore size of at least 0.02 microns, further comprising an overlay patch placed over the reservoir.   
     
     
         3 . A device for the transdermal delivery of cannabidiol, comprising a backing attached to a hydrophilic, porous membrane to define an enclosed reservoir between the backing and the hydrophilic, porous membrane, wherein the porous membrane has a first side with a skin adhesive and a second side facing the interior of the reservoir, and the skin adhesive is an amine-compatible, silicone adhesive comprising a trimethylsiloxy end-capped reaction product of a silanol endblocked polydimethylsiloxane with a silicate resin;
 a preparation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of cannabidiol and an organic polar liquid carrier contained in the reservoir; and   a release liner attached to the side of the hydrophilic porous membrane, wherein the release liner is selectively removable from the first side of the hydrophilic porous membrane to expose the skin adhesive.   
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the organic polar liquid is an alcohol comprising 24 carbon atoms per molecule. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the organic polar liquid carrier is a carboxylic acid comprising 24 carbon atoms per molecule. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the preparation further comprises a hydrogel. 
     
     
         7 . The device of  claim 6 , wherein the hydrogel comprises carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyalkyl cellulose. 
     
     
         8 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the hydrophilic, porous membrane comprises at least one of polyethylene and poly (ethyl vinyl) alcohol. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the hydrophilic, porous membrane has a porosity of at least about 60 percent. 
     
     
         10 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the hydrophilic, porous membrane has a mean flow pore size of no less than about 0.08 microns and no more than about 1 micron. 
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the polar organic carrier is oleic acid and the amount of polar organic liquid carrier by weight of the total amount of the polar liquid organic carrier and cannabidiol in the preparation is 1% to 50%. 
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the amount of skin adhesive per square meter of the porous, hydrophilic membrane is about 10 to about 20 grams/m 2 . 
     
     
         13 . The device of  claim 3 , wherein the preparation comprises a liquid carrier and a  cannabis  oil, and the  cannabis  oil comprises about fifteen percent by weight of the combined liquid carrier and  cannabis  oil. 
     
     
         14 . A method of transdermally delivering cannabidiol to a person, comprising:
 providing the device of  claim 3 ;   removing the release liner from the first side of the porous, hydrophilic membrane;   contacting the first side of the porous, hydrophilic membrane with the person's skin; and   maintaining the device in contact with the person's skin for a period of time sufficient to deliver the therapeutically effective amount of cannabidiol to the person.