US2017365856A1PendingUtilityA1

Virus scaffold for self-assembled, flexible and light lithium battery

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Assignee: MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGYPriority: Oct 19, 2004Filed: Jan 30, 2017Published: Dec 21, 2017
Est. expiryOct 19, 2024(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Ki Tae NamChung-Yi ChiangAngela M. Belcher
H01M 10/0525C07K 4/02H01M 2004/021Y02E60/122H01M 8/16H01M 4/133H01M 4/485H01M 4/60H01B 1/122H01M 4/587H01M 4/62H01M 4/48H01M 4/13B82Y 30/00Y02E60/10Y02E60/50
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Claims

Abstract

A variety of compositions that include a metal oxide, films and batteries comprising one or more of the compositions, and methods of making the same.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 .- 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A composition comprising:
 an oxide of a metal coordinated to a protein at a first binding peptide,   wherein   the first binding peptide exhibits an affinity for a reduced form of the metal,   the first binding peptide comprises at least five consecutive carboxylated amino acids, and   the first binding peptide has a length of 25 or less amino acids.   
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the metal comprises a transition metal. 
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the metal is selected from cobalt, vanadium, nickel, manganese, iron, cadmium, tungsten, chromium, zirconium, titanium, scandium, yttrium, copper, calcium, aluminum, barium, beryllium, magnesium, and strontium. 
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the metal oxide is an oxidized metal nanoparticle. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the metal oxide can intercalate lithium ions. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the protein is part of a virus. 
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 26 , further comprising a second peptide that selectively binds a predetermined metal selected from copper, nickel, gold, silver, platinum, and palladium. 
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 27 , wherein the second peptide is LKAHLPPSRLPS (SEQ ID: 2) and the predetermined metal is gold. 
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 27 , further comprising the predetermined metal. 
     
     
         30 . The composition of  claim 29 , wherein the predetermined metal is between about 1% and about 30% of the metal coordinated to a protein coat of the virus. 
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 30 , wherein the predetermined metal is between about 15% and about 30% of the metal coordinated to a protein coat of the virus. 
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 27 , wherein a first portion of a predetermined coat protein on the virus includes the first peptide, and wherein a second portion of the predetermined coat protein includes the second peptide. 
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 27 , wherein the first peptide is part of a first predetermined coat protein, and wherein the second peptide is part of a second predetermined coat protein. 
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein at least one terminal amino acid of the first binding peptide is a carboxylated amino acid. 
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein both terminal amino acids of the first binding peptide are carboxylated amino acids. 
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 21 , wherein the carboxylated amino acids comprise amino acids selected from glutamic acid and aspartic acid. 
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 36 , wherein a ratio between glutamic acid and aspartic acid in the first binding peptide ranges from 100% glutamic acid to 100% aspartic acid. 
     
     
         38 . The composition of  claim 36 , wherein the carboxylated amino acids comprise a mixture of aspartic acid and glutamic acid. 
     
     
         39 . A composition comprising:
 an oxide of a metal coordinated to a first binding peptide,   wherein   the first binding peptide exhibits an affinity for a reduced form of the metal,   the first binding peptide comprises at least five consecutive carboxylated amino acids selected from glutamic acid and aspartic acid such that a ratio between glutamic acid and aspartic acid ranges from 100% glutamic acid to 100% aspartic acid.   
     
     
         40 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the carboxylated peptide sequence has a length of 25 amino acids or less. 
     
     
         41 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the metal comprises a transition metal. 
     
     
         42 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the metal is selected from cobalt, vanadium, nickel, manganese, iron, cadmium, tungsten, chromium, zirconium, titanium, scandium, yttrium, copper, calcium, aluminum, barium, beryllium, magnesium, and strontium. 
     
     
         43 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the metal oxide is an oxidized metal nanoparticle. 
     
     
         44 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the metal oxide can intercalate lithium ions. 
     
     
         45 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein the protein is part of a virus. 
     
     
         46 . The composition of  claim 45 , further comprising a second peptide that selectively binds a predetermined metal selected from copper, nickel, gold, silver, platinum, and palladium. 
     
     
         47 . The composition of  claim 46 , wherein the second peptide is LKAHLPPSRLPS (SEQ ID: 2) and the predetermined metal is gold. 
     
     
         48 . The composition of  claim 46 , further comprising the predetermined metal. 
     
     
         49 . The composition of  claim 48 , wherein the predetermined metal is between about 1% and about 30% of the metal coordinated to a protein coat of the virus. 
     
     
         50 . The composition of  claim 48 , wherein the predetermined metal is between about 15% and about 30% of the metal coordinated to a protein coat of the virus. 
     
     
         51 . The composition of  claim 46 , wherein a first portion of a predetermined coat protein on the virus includes the first peptide, and wherein a second portion of the predetermined coat protein includes the second peptide. 
     
     
         52 . The composition of  claim 46 , wherein the first peptide is part of a first predetermined coat protein, and wherein the second peptide is part of a second predetermined coat protein. 
     
     
         53 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein at least one terminal amino acid of the first binding peptide is a carboxylated amino acid. 
     
     
         54 . The composition of  claim 39 , wherein both terminal amino acids of the first binding peptide are carboxylated amino acids. 
     
     
         55 . Metal oxide nanotubes, which have a diameter of 2-3 nm and/or a surface area of at least 140 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         56 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55 , which have a diameter of 2-3 nm. 
     
     
         57 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55 , which have a surface area of at least 140 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         58 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55  comprising crystalline metal oxide nanoparticles. 
     
     
         59 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55  comprising an oxide of a transition metal. 
     
     
         60 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55  comprising an oxide of a metal selected from cobalt, vanadium, nickel, manganese, iron, cadmium, tungsten, chromium, zirconium, titanium, scandium, yttrium, copper, calcium, aluminum, barium, beryllium, magnesium, and strontium. 
     
     
         61 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55 , which do not contain an non-oxidized metal. 
     
     
         62 . The metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 55 , which are monodisperse nanotubes. 
     
     
         63 . A thin film comprising metal oxide nanotubes of  claim 35 . 
     
     
         64 . The thin film of  claim 63 , wherein a thickness of the film is from about 10 nanometers to about 100 microns. 
     
     
         65 . The thin film of  claim 63 , wherein the nanotubes form a liquid crystal phase. 
     
     
         66 . The thin film of  claim 65 , wherein the liquid crystal phase is a smectic phase. 
     
     
         67 . The thin film of  claim 65 , wherein the liquid crystal phase is a cholesteric phase. 
     
     
         68 . The thin film of  claim 65 , wherein the liquid crystal phase is a nematic phase. 
     
     
         69 . The thin film of  claim 63 , wherein the nanotubes are randomly oriented. 
     
     
         70 . The thin film of  claim 63 , which is a mesoporous thin film. 
     
     
         71 . The thin film of  claim 63 , which is a self-supported film. 
     
     
         72 . A lithium ion battery comprising the thin film of  claim 63 .

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