Combinations of opioid/tlr4 antagonist and acetyl-para-aminophenol (apap) for use in the reduction of toll-like receptor 4(tlr4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) activity

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions for the treatment of pain comprising a first compound and a second compound, the first compound is an opioid antagonist that treats pain by blocking Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the second compound is acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP) that enhances the pain treatment effect of the first compound. Examples of opioid antagonist include naltrexone and naloxone, synergistic pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use in the treatment, prevention, and reversal of neuropathic and nociceptive pain.

1 .- 16 . (canceled) 
     
     
         17 . A method of reducing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activity and of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) activity in a mammal by administering to the mammal an effective amount of naltrexone and acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP). 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the method is performed in a mammal who has activated TLR4. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein the activation of TLR4 results in activation of a pro-inflammatory cascade. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein simultaneous inhibition of TLR4 and COX-2 activation results in reduction of the pro-inflammatory cascade.