Device for the thermal post-combustion of exhaust air

Abstract

A device for the post-combustion of exhaust air, comprises a burner, which has a fuel nozzle, and a burner cone and which protrudes in a raw-gas chamber, into an exhaust-air flow of exhaust air to be treated at least by the burner cone of the burner. The burner cone has a one- or a multi-part wall, which wall surrounds the pre-mixing chamber and has one or more wall segments. The fuel nozzle comprises an opening of at least one fuel outlet for discharging fuel into the pre-mixing chamber. The wall bounding the pre-mixing chamber outwardly on the lateral side has a structure such that the pre-mixing chamber formed in the interior of the wall opens in the downward direction in the manner of a funnel on at least one cone longitudinal segment symmetrically to an axis of symmetry defining the axial direction of the burner. The burner cone comprises, in at least one longitudinal segment of the cone longitudinal segment of the wall, which cone longitudinal segment opens in the manner of a funnel, a plurality of tangential inlet openings in order for exhaust air surrounding the burner cone to enter the pre-mixing chamber tangentially.

1 - 27 . (canceled) 
     
     
         28 . A device, comprising an industrial system ( 12 ) and a post-combustion device ( 01 ), provided in an exhaust air stream ( 02 ) of the industrial system ( 12 ) for the post-combustion of exhaust air in the exhaust air stream ( 02 ), said device being separate from the industrial system ( 12 ) and disposed downstream of said system, wherein the post-combustion device ( 01 ) comprises a burner ( 04 ), which has a fuel nozzle ( 07 ) and a burner cone ( 06 ), and which protrudes, at least with its burner cone ( 06 ), in a raw gas chamber ( 09 ) into exhaust air of the exhaust air stream ( 02 ) to be treated that is coming from the system ( 12 ) upstream, wherein the burner cone ( 06 ) has a single-part or multi-part wall ( 43 ) that surrounds a premix chamber ( 42 ), and the fuel nozzle ( 07 ) comprises an opening of at least one fuel outlet ( 44 ) for discharging fuel into the premix chamber ( 42 ), and wherein the wall ( 43 ) that bounds the premix chamber ( 42 ) outwardly on the lateral side has a structure such that the premix chamber ( 42 ) formed inside the wall opens up in the downstream direction in the manner of a funnel on at least one longitudinal cone segment, symmetrically to an axis of symmetry (S) that defines the axial direction of the burner ( 04 ), characterized in that the burner cone ( 06 ) comprises, in at least one longitudinal segment of the longitudinal cone segment of the wall ( 43 ), which longitudinal cone segment opens up in the manner of a funnel, a plurality of tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) in order for exhaust air surrounding the burner cone ( 06 ) to enter the premix chamber ( 42 ) tangentially, said inlet openings being formed by a fan-like arrangement of a plurality of wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ). 
     
     
         29 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) are spaced from one another circumferentially and/or are each raised radially on the outside of the wall ( 43 ) away from the preceding lateral circumferential section, as viewed in the circumferential direction, and/or are embodied as gap-like or slot-like openings that extend in the axial direction, and/or extend that over at least the length of the longitudinal cone segment that opens up in the manner of a funnel. 
     
     
         30 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ), at least in the longitudinal cone segment that opens up in the manner of a funnel, is formed by a plurality of n wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) that are arranged radially symmetrically in a fan-like manner around the axial direction that forms the axis of symmetry (S) and/or are each rotated around respective rotational axes that do not coincide with one another or with the axis of symmetry (S), and/or the wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) are formed with a number of n wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) as N-th shells, in particular as n partial conical shells. 
     
     
         31 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ), at least in the longitudinal cone section that opens up in the manner of a funnel, is formed by a number n of more than two wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) that are arranged radially symmetrically in a fan-like manner and/or are each rotated around the axial direction that forms the axis of symmetry (S), and/or in at least one longitudinal segment of the longitudinal cone segment of the wall ( 43 ) that opens up in the manner of a funnel, comprises more than two tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) for a tangential inlet of the exhaust air surrounding the burner cone ( 06 ) into the premix chamber ( 42 ). 
     
     
         32 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ), at least in the longitudinal cone section that opens up in the manner of a funnel, is formed by at least four wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) that are arranged radially symmetrically in a fan-like manner and/or are rotated around the axial direction that forms the axis of symmetry (S), and/or, in at least one longitudinal segment of the longitudinal cone segment of the wall ( 43 ) that opens up in the manner of a funnel, comprises at least four tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) for a tangential inlet of the exhaust air surrounding the burner cone ( 06 ) into the premix chamber ( 42 ). 
     
     
         33 . The device according to  claim 30 , characterized in that the angle segments that are covered with respect to the axis of symmetry (S) in the circumferential direction by the respectively adjacent wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) continue at least without gaps or overlap. 
     
     
         34 . The device according to  claim 30 , characterized in that the wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) are in turn formed in the circumferential direction by a number m of individual segments ( 43 . 1   x ;  43 . 2   x ;  43 . 3   x ;  43 . 4   x ) that adjoin one another to form the relevant wall section ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ). 
     
     
         35 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) are configured such that only a flow of air that is not a purely radial flow in relation to the axis of symmetry (S) and instead comprises at least one tangential component of motion can pass through these openings into the interior of the cone. 
     
     
         36 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the structure of the wall ( 43 ) is embodied such that the premix chamber ( 42 ) formed in its interior opens up in the manner of a funnel over at least one longitudinal cone segment that is situated downstream of the at least one fuel outlet ( 44 ) in the axial direction of the burner ( 04 ) and extends in the axial direction of the burner, symmetrically to the axis of symmetry (S) that defines the axial direction of the burner ( 04 ), in a direction extending in the axial direction of the burner from the fuel nozzle to the outlet side premix chamber opening. 
     
     
         37 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that each of the tangential inlet openings ( 54 ) is formed between two n wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) that adjoin one another in the circumferential direction of the burner cone ( 06 ), in that said wall segments are configured in the form of cone segments of a cone that has a closed outer peripheral line, but are each arranged rotated relative to the arrangement that forms the closed outer peripheral line, around an axis that is spaced the same distance in each case from the axis of symmetry (S), in the same direction of rotation and/or the same angle. 
     
     
         38 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the burner ( 04 ) has, in an end-face bottom ( 49 ) of the burner cone ( 04 ), one or more mouths of one or more passages ( 48 ) that lead from the raw gas chamber ( 09 ) surrounding the burner ( 04 ) into the premix chamber ( 42 ), through which passages exhaust air enters and/or can enter the premix chamber from the raw gas chamber ( 09 ) surrounding the burner ( 04 ), in an axial or predominantly axial direction of flow, i.e. with an axial flow component that is greater than the radial flow component. 
     
     
         39 . The device according to  claim 38 , characterized in that in the circumferential direction, a plurality of passages are provided in an annular region of the bottom ( 49 ), which annular region extends in a plane that runs perpendicular to the axis of symmetry (S) outside of a circumferential line that projects into this plane and that encompasses the mouth or mouths of the at least one fuel outlet ( 44 ), said annular region also extending within the wall ( 43 ) that extends at the axial height of the passages ( 48 ), and/or said passages are provided in a base segment at the axial height or axially upstream of the fuel nozzle end. 
     
     
         40 . The device according to  claim 38 , characterized in that the bottom ( 49 ) is formed by the side, facing the cone interior, of a cone base ( 46 ) embodied as a shroud ring or spoke ring, which, as viewed in the circumferential direction of the fuel nozzle ( 07 ), has a plurality of passages ( 48 ) that extend predominantly in the axial direction and/or that enable a predominantly axial flow. 
     
     
         41 . The device according to  claim 40 , characterized in that the cone base ( 46 ) that bounds the bottom ( 49 ) at its end face is embodied in the manner of a flange ( 46 ), which can be detachably connected to an attachment ( 47 ) arranged on the fuel nozzle ( 07 ) or to an attachment situated upstream thereof, and/or which supports the single-part or multi-part wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ) spaced radially from the wall of the burner nozzle ( 07 ) and/or which comprises predominantly axially extending passages ( 48 ) in the region between the wall of the burner nozzle ( 07 ) and the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ). 
     
     
         42 . The device according to  claim 38 , characterized in that the bottom ( 49 ) the bottom ( 49 ) is formed by an intermediate space between the upstream end of the wall ( 43 ) and the fuel nozzle ( 07 ) at the axial level or axially upstream of the fuel nozzle end, which intermediate space is open all the way around with the exception of spoke-like supporting elements. 
     
     
         43 . The device according to  claim 40 , characterized in that on a circumferential line that lies radially further inward with respect to the axis of symmetry (S) than the mouth of the one or more bottom-side passages ( 48 ) on the interior side of the cone, but lies radially further outward with respect to the axis of symmetry than the opening of the at least one fuel outlet ( 44 ), a multi-part guide element ( 51 ) that extends continuously or sectionally around the entire circumference, or a multi-part guide element that is interrupted sectionally is arranged radially between the at least one fuel outlet ( 44 ) and the at least one passage ( 48 ). 
     
     
         44 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the fuel nozzle ( 07 ) and the upstream end of the burner cone ( 07 ), as viewed in the axial direction, are arranged overlapping or at least continuing without interruption, and/or the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ), in particular a base segment of the burner cone ( 06 ), surrounds the fuel nozzle ( 07 ) at least at the level of the at least one fuel outlet. 
     
     
         45 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that all or a plurality of the wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) of a wall ( 43 ) that is embodied as a multi-part wall are configured, at least in the longitudinal cone section that opens up, in the form of shroud segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) of a radially symmetrically configured frustoconical or I-sided frustopyramidal shroud that has a closed profile, and are arranged rotated in the same direction of rotation and by the same angle of rotation, about respective axes that extend in the longitudinal direction on a common conical or cylindrical lateral surface that encompasses the axis of symmetry (S) concentrically. 
     
     
         46 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the burner cone ( 04 ), in its burner cone segment that opens up or in at least a portion of this burner cone segment, has an effective inner taper having a slant angle (φ; φ 1 ) of the conical shroud of 5° to 15° in relation to the axis of symmetry (S). 
     
     
         47 . The device according to  claim 28 , any one of the preceding claims, characterized that the inner wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ) that bounds the premix chamber ( 42 ) outwardly on the lateral side is configured in terms of its shape and its structure, at least in the longitudinal cone section that opens up in the manner of a funnel, to accommodate a maximum virtual truncated cone with the largest possible cross-sectional profile, which is in contact with the wall ( 43 ) at at least three points, spaced from one another circumferentially, in each of at least two cross-sectional planes that are spaced from one another axially, wherein the wall ( 43 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ) is configured such that, in a plane that comprises the axis of symmetry, this maximum virtual truncated cone forms a cone angle of 18° to 30°, in particular 20° to 26°, preferably 23°±1°. 
     
     
         48 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the wall segments ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) of the burner cone ( 06 ) that bound the premix chamber ( 42 ) outwardly on the lateral side, in the longitudinal cone section that opens up in the manner of a funnel, are configured in terms of their shaping and their structure as having a taper that varies in the circumferential direction in relation to the axis of symmetry (S), a lateral surface line that extends in this longitudinal cone segment that opens up in the manner of a funnel, in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone on the inside of the wall segment ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) in the longitudinal direction of the burner ( 04 ), and that is slanted the most in relation to the axial direction forms a slant in relation to the axial direction having an slant angle (φ 2 ) of no more than 16°, advantageously no more than 15°, in particular no more than 13°, and/or a lateral surface line that extends in this longitudinal cone segment that opens up therein in the manner of a funnel, in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone on the inside of the wall segment ( 43 . 1 ;  43 . 2 ;  43 . 3 ;  43 . 4 ) in the longitudinal direction of the burner ( 04 ), and that is slanted the least in relation to the axial direction forms a slant in relation to the axial direction having a slant angle of at least 8°, advantageously at least 9°, in particular at least 10°. 
     
     
         49 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the burner cone ( 06 ) comprises, in the region of its downstream end, a cover element ( 53 ) that is connected to the wall ( 43 ) and that comprises an outlet opening ( 13 ) that leads out of the cone interior at the end face of the burner cone ( 06 ) in the circumferential direction, and extends with its inner circumferential line that delimits the outlet opening ( 13 ) in a plane that is perpendicular to the axial direction, said cover element extending, in an inner and/or outer edge region, in particular in the manner of a collar, radially beyond the profile that is defined at the end face by the lateral profile of the wall ( 43 ), into the space surrounding the burner cone ( 06 ) and/or into the space that is surrounded by the cover element ( 53 ). 
     
     
         50 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the burner cone ( 06 ) is configured, in the region of its downstream end, as having a plurality of flow restrictors ( 59 ;  63 ;  64 ;  66 ) that extend out of the profile defined at the end face by the lateral profile of the wall ( 43 ), and into the space surrounding the burner cone ( 06 ) at its downstream end, and that are spaced from one another in the circumferential direction of the burner cone ( 06 ). 
     
     
         51 . The device according to  claim 50 , characterized in that a plurality or all of the flow restrictors ( 59 ;  63 ;  64 ;  66 ) are arranged on a cover element ( 53 ) according to claim  20 , and/or are formed as guide vanes ( 59 ;  63 ;  64 ) made of flat sheet metal material, which are embodied as planar or as having at least one planar portion, wherein said flow restrictors are arranged with the, or with at least one of their planar portions slanted in relation to the plane of the outlet opening ( 16 ), which is perpendicular to the axial direction. 
     
     
         52 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that the burner ( 04 ) protrudes with at least its burner cone ( 06 ) into an exhaust air stream ( 02 ) of exhaust air to be treated, which comes from an industrial system ( 12 ) and contains a hydrocarbon load. 
     
     
         53 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that a raw gas inlet ( 19 ) is provided, via which the fluid stream or exhaust air stream ( 02 ) to be purified, coming from the system ( 03 ), can be fed as a raw gas stream ( 02 ) to the device. 
     
     
         54 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that upstream of the raw gas chamber ( 09 ) in the raw gas path, a heat exchanger ( 24 ) is provided, by means of which an exchange of heat is or can be carried out between already treated, hot, purified gas exiting a combustion chamber ( 11 ) and a raw gas formed by exhaust air from the system ( 12 ) upstream that has yet to be treated. 
     
     
         55 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that a combustion chamber ( 11 ) is connected downstream of the raw gas chamber ( 09 ) that surrounds the burner cone ( 06 ). 
     
     
         56 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that an inlet opening of the combustion chamber ( 11 ) and the burner cone ( 06 ), at the level of outlet opening ( 13 ), are dimensioned and arranged relative to one another such that between the edge of the burner cone ( 06 ) that defines its external periphery on the outlet side and the edge of an inlet-side combustion chamber wall ( 17 ) that defines the inlet opening an inlet gap ( 18 ) is formed, through which raw gas is able to flow out of the raw gas chamber ( 09 ) and into the combustion chamber ( 11 ) on a direct path, i.e. without first passing into a premix chamber of the burner cone ( 06 ) that is formed in the interior of the burner cone ( 06 ). 
     
     
         57 . The device according to  claim 28 , characterized in that for the inlet of exhaust air into the raw gas chamber ( 02 ), a route segment through a flow cross-section ( 21 ) is provided, which is bounded on at least one side by the exterior of a combustion chamber wall ( 22 ).