Compounds, monomers, and polymers containing a carbonate linkage

Abstract

The invention provides compounds and monomers having a carbonate linkage. The monomers can be used to form homopolymers or can be coupled with other monomers to provide a wide variety of non-homopolymers. The invention further provides a wide variety of compositions comprising the compounds, monomers, and polymers. In the exemplary structures below, Q, A, R, and n are as described herein.

1 . A compound having one of the following structures: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of functionalized and unfunctionalized alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkenylene, and arylene groups, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms; 
         each A is independently a functionalized or unfunctionalized alkylene or alkenylene group comprising 2 to 50 carbon atoms, wherein 2 to 4 carbon atoms reside in the lactam ring between the 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       group and the 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       group; and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, functionalized and unfunctionalized alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and aryl groups, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms. 
     
     
         2 . (canceled) 
     
     
         3 . A compound having the structure: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein 
         each E is a polymerizable moiety independently selected from the group consisting of: anhydrides, vinyl amides, acrylates, styrenes, maleimides, maleates, fumarates, cinnamyls, vinyl imidazoles, vinyl pyridines, vinyl acetates, acrylamides, vinyl sulfones, vinyl carbonates, vinyl-2-pyrrolidones, vinyl lactams, vinyl carbamates, vinyl siloxanes, vinyl ureas, vinyl thiocarbamates, vinyl silanes, vinyl acrylamides, allyl derivatives, vinyl ethers, vinyl oxy, epoxides, oxetanes, benzoxazines, oxazolines, and mixtures thereof; and 
         each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of functionalized and unfunctionalized alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkenylene, and arylene groups, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms, with the proviso that said compound is not 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         4 . The compound according to  claim 1 , wherein said Q is independently selected from the group consisting of functionalized and unfunctionalized alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkenylene, and arylene groups containing 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms. 
     
     
         5 . The compound according to  claim 1 , wherein each A is independently 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         6 . The compound according to  claim 1 , wherein each said R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, functionalized and unfunctionalized alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and aryl groups containing 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms. 
     
     
         7 . (canceled) The compound according to  claim 2  or  3  wherein each said E is independently selected from the group consisting of: epoxides, (meth)acrylates, vinyl oxy, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         8 . The compound according to  claim 1  that is: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         9 . (canceled) 
     
     
         10 . (canceled) 
     
     
         11 . The compound according to  claim 3  that is selected from the group consisting of: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein: 
         said R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, functionalized and unfunctionalized alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and aryl groups containing 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms; and 
         each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of functionalized and unfunctionalized alkylene, cycloalkylene, alkenylene, and arylene groups containing 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any of the groups may be with or without heteroatoms. 
       
     
     
         12 . The compound according to  claim 11  that is: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         13 . A homopolymer polymer polymerized from a compound of  claim 3 . 
     
     
         14 . A non-homopolymer polymerized from at least: (A) a compound of  claim 3 , and (B) a comonomer different from said (A), wherein said non-homopolymer is a random, block, or alternating non-homopolymer. 
     
     
         15 . The non-homopolymer of  claim 14  wherein said (B) comonomer is selected from the group consisting of: 4- or 5-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles comprising at least one remote polymerizable moiety, (meth)acrylamides, (meth)acrylates, olefins, allyls, anhydrides, cinnamyls, fumarates, maleates, maleimides, α,□ β-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic nitriles, styrenes, vinyl esters, vinyl acetates, vinyl amides, vinyl alcohols, vinyl carbonates, vinyl carbamates, vinyl thiocarbamates, vinyl ureas, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinyl imidazoles, vinyl lactams, vinyl pyridines, vinyl silanes, vinyl sulfones, benzoxazines, epoxides, oxazolines, oxetanes, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         16 . A composition comprising a compound of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         17 . The composition according to  claim 16  wherein the composition is an adhesive, coating, encapsulation, personal care, oilfield, membrane, agricultural, or cleaning composition.