Compositions, Devices and Methods for Optimizing Photosynthetically Active Radiation

Abstract

Compositions, devices, and methods for optimizing photosynthetically active radiation by utilizing a composition comprising a quantum confinement material having an emission spectra of between 300 nm and 545 nm, and a quantum confinement material having an emission spectra of between 545 nm and 750 nm where the composition may be embedded in and/or coated on one or more transparent surfaces.

1 . (canceled) 
     
     
         2 . A device comprising:
 a transparent structure; and   a composition disposed on or within the transparent structure, the composition comprising:
 a first quantum confinement material having an emission spectra of between 300 nm and 545 nm, the first quantum confinement material comprising a 20 nm to 50 nm thulium doped yttrium vanadate colloid having an excitation wavelength of 300 nm and an emission wavelength of 477 nm; and 
 a second quantum confinement material having an emission spectra of between 545 nm and 750 nm, the second quantum confinement material selected from:
 (i) a 20 nm to 50 nm europium doped yttrium vanadate colloid having an excitation wavelength of 300 nm and an emission wavelength of 620 nm; 
 (ii) a 10 nm europium doped yttrium vanadate colloid having an excitation wavelength of 350 nm and an emission wavelength of 617 nm; 
 (iii) a 10 nm to 50 nm samarium doped yttrium vanadate colloid having an excitation wavelength of 300 nm and an emission wavelength of 650 nm; 
 (iv) a 25 nm NaYF4:Yb:Er colloid having an excitation wavelength of 980 nm and an emission wavelength of 545 nm; and 
 (v) an atomic graphene layer with defect points enabling quantum confinement zones. 
 
   
     
     
         3 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure is formed from one or more of silica glass, a polymer, and a ceramic. 
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the composition is disposed on the transparent structure as a film. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 4 , wherein the film is a polymeric film, the polymeric film comprising a silicone polymer. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure is formed from a silicone polymer or a carbon polymer. 
     
     
         7 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure comprises one or more optical elements. 
     
     
         8 . The device of  claim 7 , wherein the one or more optical elements comprises refractive lenses. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 2  further comprises one or more light sources. 
     
     
         10 . The device of  claim 9 , wherein the one or more light sources comprise one or more of a metal halide light bulb, a high pressure sodium light bulb, a fluorescent light bulb, an incandescent light bulb, a field induced polymer electroluminescence (“FIPEL”) light source, a laser, and a light emitting diode (“LED”). 
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein at least one light source and the transparent structure form a unitary structure. 
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the composition is uniformly disposed on or within the transparent structure. 
     
     
         13 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure comprises a thickness of about 1 cm or less. 
     
     
         14 . The device of  claim 2  further comprises an adhesive. 
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 14 , wherein the adhesive comprises one or more of an anaerobic adhesive, a cyanoacrylate adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, a structural acrylic adhesive, and an ultraviolet light curable adhesive. 
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure is framed by one of more of a casement and a sash. 
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 2 , wherein the transparent structure forms a tube.