A self-bearing prefabricated construction element and a method of erecting external building walls of prefabricated construction elements

Abstract

The self-bearing prefabricated construction element for erecting external walls in buildings, composed of external and internal panels integrated with the insulating material which goes in between, characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) forms the face of architectural concrete which serves as the facade finishing layer, and the internal panel ( 2 ) is preferably made of structural concrete, where the insulation ( 3 ) in between the panels and integrated therewith is made of a foam material of density ranging from 10 kg/m3 to 55 kg/m3 and features at least two slots ( 4 ) in the vertical side zones.

1 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element for erecting external building walls, composed of external and internal panels integrated with the insulating material ( 3 ) which goes in between, characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) forms the face of architectural concrete which serves as the facade finishing layer, and the internal panel ( 2 ) is preferably made of structural concrete, where the insulating layer ( 3 ) in between the panels and integrated therewith is made of a foam material of density ranging from 10 kg/m3 to 55 kg/m3 and features at least two slots ( 4 ) in the vertical side zones. 
     
     
         2 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the slot ( 4 ) in the vertical side zone of the insulating material is delimited by the plane of the external panel ( 1 ) or internal panel ( 2 ). 
     
     
         3 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that external panel ( 1 ) and internal panel ( 2 ) are parallel rectangles to which the insulating material ( 3 ) is permanently connected by way of pre-formed projections ( 5 ). 
     
     
         4 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) and internal panel ( 2 ) are rectangular in shape and permanently connected with the insulating material ( 3 ) at an angle. 
     
     
         5 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that there is a longitudinal groove ( 6 ) in the bottom part of the insulating material ( 3 ), and a longitudinal projection ( 7 ) in its top part. 
     
     
         6 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that there is a profiled projection(s) ( 8 ) on one side of the front section of the insulating material ( 3 ), and a profiled groove(s) ( 9 ) corresponding to the profiled projections ( 8 ) on its other side. 
     
     
         7 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that in the corners of the external panel ( 1 ) there are mounting holes ( 10 ) or slots which facilitate drilling the holes. 
     
     
         8 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that in the corners of the internal panel ( 2 ) there are mounting holes ( 10 ) or indentations which facilitate drilling the holes, as well as installation holes ( 11 ) or indentations which facilitate drilling them. 
     
     
         9 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) and/or internal panel ( 2 ) is fitted with collector, heating, or signaling elements ( 12 ). 
     
     
         10 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) forming the architectural concrete face and/or the internal panel ( 2 ) forming the structural concrete face are made of high performance or ultra-high performance, preferably using dispersed fibers and/or reinforcing textiles inside the concrete matrix. 
     
     
         11 . The self-bearing prefabricated construction element according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the external panel ( 1 ) forming the architectural concrete face and/or the internal panel ( 2 ) forming the structural concrete face preferably have profiled overlaps ( 13 ) which enable the neighboring panels to overlap. 
     
     
         12 . The method of erecting external building walls of prefabricated construction elements, which consists in setting prefabricated longitudinal and angular elements on a previously prepared and even base, characterized in that the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) are fixed to the base at the distances predetermined by the spacing between the slots ( 4 ) in the prefabricated elements, whereupon the prefabricated longitudinal construction elements (angular elements in corners) are vertically stacked, edge to edge, between the vertical structural elements so as to guide the slots ( 4 ) in the prefabricated elements into the vertical structural elements ( 14 ), and the stacked prefabricated construction elements are fixed to the vertical structural elements ( 14 ), following which the horizontal structural elements ( 15 ) are permanently fixed to the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) in their top section so as to form the structural ring-beam of the erected building. 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 12 , characterized in that the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) are fixed to the base at the distances predetermined by the spacing between the slots ( 4 ) in the prefabricated element, whereupon the prefabricated longitudinal construction elements (angular elements in corners) are vertically stacked, edge to edge, between the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) so as guide the slots ( 4 ) in the prefabricated elements into the vertical structural elements ( 14 ), and the stacked prefabricated construction elements are fixed to the vertical structural elements ( 14 ), following which the horizontal structural elements ( 14 ) are permanently fixed to the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) in their top section so as to form the structural ring-beam of the erected building. 
     
     
         14 . The method according to  claim 12  and/or  claim 13 , characterized in that the prefabricated longitudinal elements (angular elements in corners) are laid on lintels and fixed to the vertical structural elements ( 14 ) and/or horizontal structural elements ( 15 ) or rested on provisional shuttering prepared to take the load related to the prefabricated element and the weight of the concrete mix poured into the slots ( 4 ) of the prefabricated elements.