Hybrid Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Controlling Framework Porosity and Functionality by a Mixed-Ligand Synthetic Approach

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks, in particular hybrid zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), devices having hybrid ZIFs, and methods for preparing hybrid ZIFs are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method includes preparing a first solution comprising a first imidazolate and a second imidazolate, preparing a second solution comprising a metal ion, and combining the first solution and the second solution to form the hybrid ZIF.

1 . A metal-organic framework (MOF) comprising a hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) having:
 i. at least two, non-identical linkers selected from the group consisting of: 2-methylimidazolate, carboxaldehyde-2-imidazolate, benzimidazolate, 2-aminobenzimidazolate, and imidazolate, or a functionalized derivative thereof, and   iii. a metal ion,   wherein the at least two linkers are included in a solution having a total concentration of y.   
     
     
         2 . The MOF of  claim 1 , wherein the first linker is at a concentration of y minus x. 
     
     
         3 . The MOF of  claim 1 , wherein a second linker is at a concentration x. 
     
     
         4 . The MOF of  claim 1 , wherein the total concentration of the at least two linkers in a solution is between about 10 mmol and about 50 mmol. 
     
     
         5 . The MOF of  claim 1 , further comprising a functionalized hybrid ZIF. 
     
     
         6 . The MOF of  claim 5 , wherein the functionalized hybrid ZIF comprises an aldehyde. 
     
     
         7 . The MOF of  claim 5 , wherein the functionalized hybrid ZIF comprises an amine.