Devices and methods for knee replacement

Abstract

A device for use in joint replacement surgery is disclosed, the device may comprise a patient-specific jig having a body formed using three dimensional data corresponding to a first resection surface of a bone of a patient according to a preoperative plan. The body may also include a first bone facing surface configured to match the first resection surface of the bone of the patient according to the three dimensional data and an alignment perimeter sized and shaped to match a perimeter of the resection surface of the bone of the patient according to the three dimensional data.

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A device for use in joint replacement surgery, the device comprising:
 a jig having a shape corresponding to three dimensional data of a shape of a first resected planar surface of a bone and a shape of a second resected planar surface of the bone;   the jig including first and second bone facing planar surfaces, the first bone facing planar surface shaped to match the shape of the first resected planar surface and the second bone facing planar surface shaped to match the shape of the second resected planar surface;   at least a portion of an outer perimeter of the patient-specific jig surrounding the first and second bone facing planar surfaces sized and shaped to match three dimensional data of a shape of a non-resected perimeter of the resected planar surfaces of the bone; and   a plurality of alignment members extending from the outer perimeter, the plurality of alignment members configured to mate with a respective portion of three dimensional data of non-resected bone adjacent the non-resected perimeter.   
     
     
         22 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 21 , further comprising:
 guide holes passing through the jig, the guide holes having an opening at the first bone facing planar surface and positioned and shaped according to a preoperative plan and a final installation position of a prosthesis.   
     
     
         23 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of claim  2  wherein:
 the guide holes include guide surfaces orientated according to the preoperative plan and the final installation position of the prosthesis. 
 
     
     
         24 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of claim  1 , further comprising:
 the first bone facing planar surface having a first edge and the second bone facing surface having a second edge, the first bone facing planar surface and second bone facing surface having different orientations and meeting at the first and second edges.   
     
     
         25 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 21 , wherein:
 each of the plurality of alignment members configured to align with a respective one of a plurality of points of bone adjacent the resected planar surface according to the three dimensional data of the bone structure of the patient.   
     
     
         26 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 21  wherein the jig is configured to be positioned against a resected planar surface of a femur. 
     
     
         27 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 21  wherein the jig is configured to be positioned against a resected planar surface of a tibia. 
     
     
         28 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 21  wherein the jig is configured to be positioned against a resected planar surface of a patella. 
     
     
         29 . The device for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 26  wherein the jig includes a guide surface adjacent the posterior of an intercondylar fossa of the three dimensional data of the bone structure of the patient, the guide surface orientated to guide removal of a portion of the intercondylar fossa of the patient according to the preoperative plan. 
     
     
         30 . A method of fabricating a device for use in joint replacement surgery, the method comprising:
 generating, by a computer processor, a bone surface image from three dimensional data of the bone;   generating, by a computer processor, a bone resection image based on an installation position of a prosthesis relative to the bone surface image, the bone resection image including a perimeter of a first resection surface of the bone surface image;   generating, by a computer processor, a jig image proximate the bone resection image, the jig image depicting a device according to  claim 21 ; and   generating, by a computer processor, machine control data from the jig image such that the machine control data is capable of use in forming the device of  claim 21 .   
     
     
         31 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30 , further comprising:
 generating a prosthesis image in an installation position superimposed on the bone surface image before the generating the bone resection image.   
     
     
         32 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30  wherein generating a bone resection image includes generating a bone surface image of at least a portion of a femur. 
     
     
         33 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30  wherein generating a bone resection image includes generating a bone surface image of at least a portion of a tibia. 
     
     
         34 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 32  wherein generating a bone resection image includes generating a bone surface image of at least a portion of a tibia. 
     
     
         35 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 34  wherein generating a bone resection image includes generating a bone surface image of at least a portion of a patella. 
     
     
         36 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30 , further comprising:
 generating, by a computer processor, guide holes passing through the jig image, the guide holes having an opening at the first bone facing planar surface and positioned and shaped according to a preoperative plan and the installation position of the prosthesis.   
     
     
         37 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 31 , wherein:
 the guide holes include guide surfaces orientated according to the preoperative plan and the final installation position of the prosthesis.   
     
     
         38 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30 , wherein:
 the first bone facing planar surface has a first edge and the second bone facing surface has a second edge, the first bone facing planar surface and second bone facing surface having different orientations and meeting at the first and second edges.   
     
     
         39 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 30 , wherein:
 each of the plurality of alignment members is configured to align with a respective one of a plurality of points of bone adjacent the resected planar surface according to the three dimensional data of the bone structure of the patient.   
     
     
         40 . The method for use in joint replacement surgery of  claim 32  wherein:
 the jig image includes a guide surface adjacent the posterior of an intercondylar fossa of the three dimensional data of the bone structure of the patient, the guide surface orientated to guide removal of a portion of the intercondylar fossa of the patient according to the preoperative plan.