Nanostructure for detecting cell-free dna using conductive polymer and the use thereof

Abstract

Disclosed is a structure for detecting cell-free DNA using a conductive polymer and the use thereof. More particularly, a nanostructure composed of a surface-modified conductive polymer for isolating and detecting cell-free DNA is disclosed. By using the nanostructure, cell-free DNA including circulating tumor DNA, etc. can be effectively detected and isolated.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A structure for detecting and isolating cell-free DNA, the structure comprising a surface-modified conductive polymer. 
     
     
         2 . The structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the surface-modified conductive polymer has positive charge. 
     
     
         3 . The structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the structure is a nanostructure. 
     
     
         4 . The structure according to  claim 3 , wherein the nanostructure is a nanochip, a nanodot, a nanorod, or a nanowire. 
     
     
         5 . The structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer is selected from the group consisting of polypyrrole, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polythiophene, and poly sulfur nitride. 
     
     
         6 . The structure according to  claim 5 , wherein the conductive polymer is polypyrrole. 
     
     
         7 . The structure according to  claim 1 , wherein the cell-free DNA is circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). 
     
     
         8 . A kit for detecting and isolating cell-free DNA, comprising the structure according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         9 . A method of detecting and isolating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), the method comprising:
 positively charging a surface of a conductive polymer forming a nanostructure;   treating the conductive polymer with a biological substance to attach the cfDNA to the conductive polymer; and   capturing the cfDNA with the conductive polymer or releasing the cfDNA from the conductive polymer by applying an electric signal.   
     
     
         10 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the biological substance is selected from the group consisting of blood, bone marrow, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, spinal fluid, urine, and saliva. 
     
     
         11 . The method according to  claim 10 , wherein the biological substance is blood. 
     
     
         12 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein, in the treating, the cfDNA is attached by applying an electric signal at 0.8 to 1.2 V for 20 to 40 seconds. 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein, in the capturing, the cfDNA is detected or isolated by applying an electric signal at −1.3 to −1.0 V for 4 to 6 minutes. 
     
     
         14 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein the cell-free DNA is circulating tumor DNA. 
     
     
         15 . A method of providing information to diagnose the onset of and a prognosis for cancer in a subject, the method comprising detecting and isolating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from a sample using the structure according to  claim 1 , and analyzing the detected or isolated ctDNA. 
     
     
         16 . The method according to  claim 15 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of carcinoma, lymphoma, blastoma, sarcoma, liposarcoma, neuroendocrine tumor, mesothelioma, schwannoma, meningioma, adenocarcinoma, melanoma, leukemia, lymphoid malignancy, squamous cell cancer, epithelial squamous cell cancer, lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma of the lung, squamous carcinoma of the lung, cancer of the peritoneum, hepatocellular cancer, gastric or stomach cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, pancreatic cancer, brain cancer, glioblastoma, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer, hepatoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial or uterine carcinoma, salivary gland carcinoma, kidney and renal cancer, prostate cancer, vulval cancer, thyroid cancer, hepatic carcinoma, anal carcinoma, penile carcinoma, testicular cancer, esophageal cancer, biliary tract, and head and neck cancer. 
     
     
         17 . The method according to  claim 16 , wherein the cancer is breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric or stomach cancer, liver cancer, or pancreatic cancer. 
     
     
         18 . The method according to  claim 15 , wherein the analyzing comprises analyzing a concentration, a copy number, or sequences of ctDNA in a sample. 
     
     
         19 . The method according to  claim 18 , wherein, when the concentration or copy number of the ctDNA increases, information that cancer is developing or progressing is provided. 
     
     
         20 . A method of diagnosing onset of and a prognosis for cancer in a subject, the method comprising detecting and isolating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from a sample using the structure according to  claim 1 , and analyzing the detected or isolated ctDNA.