Instantaneous Communications Systems

Abstract

Systems are configured to detect advanced fields, and are therefore able to provide instantaneous communications, radar detection, and remote telemetry. Receiving stations in communications systems and some telemetry systems communicate by modulating a variable termination resistor across the receiver's input terminals. Radar systems and some telemetry systems are sensitive to differential absorption at the targets.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A communications system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station separated by a distance that results in a particular time-of-flight interval, wherein:
 A(1) the transmitting station comprises,
 a transmitting-station antenna subsystem, 
 a transmitting section, and 
 a receiving section; 
   A(2) the transmitting section comprises,
 a transmitting-station transmitter, and 
 a first transmitting-station feedline coupled to the transmitter at one end and to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem at the other end; 
   A(3) the receiving section comprises,
 a transmitting-station receiver, and 
 a second transmitting-station feedline coupled to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem at one end and to the transmitting-station receiver at the other end; 
   A(4) the receiving station comprises,
 a receiving-station antenna subsystem, 
 a receiving-station feedline, 
 a receiving-station receiver having input terminals, 
 a variable terminating resistor across the receiving-station receiver's input terminals, and 
 a mechanism for modulating the resistance of the terminating resistor with signal information to be communicated to the transmitting station; 
   B(1) electrical signals generated by the transmitting-station transmitter are communicated along the first transmitting-station feedline to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem, which provides retarded radiation directed toward the receiving station;   B(2) the retarded radiation directed toward the receiving station impinges on the receiving-station antenna subsystem and electrical signals are communicated on the receiving-station feedline to the receiving-station receiver;   B(3) the modulation of the load resister generates advanced and retarded signals in the receiving-station feedline, which are communicated to the receiving-station antenna subsystem, resulting in (a) a retarded wave propagating outward from the receiving station, and   (b) a time-reversed advanced wave from infinity converging on the receiving station at the same time that the retarded wave diverges from the receiving station;
 B(4) the advanced radiation converging on the receiving station reaches the transmitting station earlier than it reaches the receiving station by the particular time-of-flight interval; and 
 B(5) the advanced radiation received by the transmitting-station antenna subsystem is communicated along the second transmitting-station feedline to the transmitting-station receiver. 
   
     
     
         2 . The communications system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem uses the same antenna to send retarded radiation to the receiving station and to receive the advanced radiation; and 
 the first and second transmitting-station feedlines share a common portion at the antenna and are separated into separate portions by a directional coupler with one portion being connected to the transmitting-station transmitter and one portion connected to the transmitting-station receiver. 
 
     
     
         3 . The communications system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem uses separate transmitting and receiving antennas to send retarded radiation to the receiving station and to receive the advanced radiation; and 
 the first and second transmitting-station feedlines are separate feedlines with one connected between the transmitting-station transmitting antenna and the transmitting-station transmitter, and the other connected between the transmitting-station receiving antenna and the transmitting-station receiver. 
 
     
     
         4 . The communications system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem comprises a transmitting antenna as part of the transmitting section, and first and second receiving antennas as part of the receiving section; 
 the first and second receiving antennas are on opposite sides of the transmitting antenna with the first receiving antenna ¼ wavelength farther from the receiving station than the transmitting antenna, and the second receiving antenna ¼ wavelength closer to the receiving station than the transmitting antenna; 
 the receiving section comprises,
 a hybrid coupler, and 
 first and second connections connecting the first and second antennas to the A and B ports of the hybrid coupler, 
 wherein the second connection introduces a 180-degree electrical delay in the phase of the transmitted signal relative to the first connection, and the transmitting-station receiver is connected to the hybrid coupler's A+B port. 
 
 
     
     
         5 . The communications system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem comprises first and second shared antennas; 
 the first shared antenna is ¼ wavelength farther from the receiving station than the second shared antenna; 
 a shared portion of the transmitting station comprises,
 first and second directional couplers, each having first and second in-line ports, and a coupled port, 
 first and second shared feedline segments connecting the first and second shared antennas to respective first in-line ports of the first and second directional couplers, 
 wherein the second shared feedline segment introduces a 90-degree electrical delay in the phase of transmitted signals relative to the first shared feedline segment; 
 
 the transmitting section comprises,
 a transmitting hybrid coupler whose A+B port is connected to the transmitting-station transmitter, and 
 respective first and second transmitting-section feedline segments connecting the transmitting hybrid coupler's A and B ports to respective second in-line ports of the first and second directional couplers; and 
 
 the receiving section comprises,
 a receiving hybrid coupler whose A−B port is connected to the transmitting-station receiver, and 
 respective first and second receiving-section feedline segments connecting the receiving hybrid coupler's A and B ports to respective coupled ports of the first and second directional couplers. 
 
 
     
     
         6 . A transmitting station for use in a communications system where the transmitting station sends retarded electromagnetic waves to a receiving station, and receives advanced and retarded electromagnetic waves from the receiving station in response to the set retarded electromagnetic waves, the transmitting station comprising:
 a transmitting-station antenna subsystem;   a transmitting section comprising,
 a transmitting-station transmitter, and 
 a first transmitting-station feedline coupled to the transmitting-station transmitter at one end and to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem at the other end; and 
   a receiving section comprising,
 a transmitting-station receiver, and 
 a second transmitting-station feedline coupled to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem at one end and to the transmitting-station receiver at the other end; 
 wherein (a) electrical signals generated by the transmitting-station transmitter are communicated along the first transmitting-station feedline to the transmitting-station antenna subsystem, which provides retarded electromagnetic waves directed toward the receiving station, and (b) electrical signals generated by the advanced electromagnetic waves from the receiving station are communicated along the second transmitting-station feedline to the transmitting-station receiver (c) the signals resulting from the received electromagnetic advanced waves arrive at the same time as the signals from the transmitting-station transmitter are generated. 
   
     
     
         7 . The transmitting station of  claim 6  wherein:
 the transmitting station comprises a directional coupler; 
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem uses the same antenna to send retarded radiation to the receiving station and to receive the advanced radiation; and 
 the first and second transmitting-station feedlines share a common portion at the antenna and are separated into separate portions by the directional coupler with one portion being connected to the transmitting-station transmitter and one portion connected to the transmitting-station receiver. 
 
     
     
         8 . The transmitting station of  claim 6  wherein:
 the transmitting-station antenna subsystem uses separate transmitting and receiving antennas to send retarded radiation to the receiving station and to receive the advanced radiation; and 
 the first and second transmitting-station feedlines are separate feedlines with one connected between the transmitting-station transmitting antenna and the transmitting-station transmitter, and the other connected between the transmitting-station receiving antenna and the transmitting-station receiver. 
 
     
     
         9 . A receiving station for use in a communications system where a receiving station receives retarded electromagnetic waves from the transmitting receiving station, and sends advanced and retarded waves to the transmitting station, the receiving station comprising:
 a receiving-station antenna subsystem;   a receiving-station receiver having input terminals,   a variable terminating resistor across the receiving-station receiver's input terminals;   a receiving-station feedline coupled to the receiving-station antenna subsystem and the receiving-station receiver; and   a mechanism for modulating the resistance of the terminating resistor with signal information to be communicated to the transmitting station;   the modulation of the resistance of the terminating resistor generates signals in the receiving-station feedline, which are communicated to the receiving-station antenna subsystem, resulting in
 (a) a retarded wave propagating outward from the receiving station, and 
 (b) an advanced wave propagating inward from infinity to the receiving station, 
 wherein the retarded and advanced waves are time-reversed versions of each other so that the advanced wave converges on the receiving station at the same time that the retarded wave diverges from the receiving station. 
   
     
     
         10 . The receiving station of  claim 1  wherein:
 the variable resistor is comprises a PIN diode; and 
 the mechanism for modulating the resistance of the terminating resistor comprises a junction field-effect transistor.