PASSIVE NOx ADSORBER

Abstract

A passive NO x adsorber is disclosed. The passive NO x adsorber is effective to adsorb NO x at or below a low temperature and release the adsorbed NO x at temperatures above the low temperature. The passive NO x adsorber comprises a noble metal and a molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type. The invention also includes an exhaust system comprising the passive NO x adsorber, and a method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine utilizing the passive NO x adsorber.

I claim: 
     
         1 . A passive NO x  adsorber effective to adsorb NO x  at or below a low temperature and release the adsorbed NO x  at temperatures above the low temperature, said passive NO x  adsorber comprising a first noble metal and a molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type. 
     
     
         2 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the first noble metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, silver, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the first noble metal is palladium. 
     
     
         4 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type is selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate zeolite, an aluminophosphate zeolite, a silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) zeolite, and a metal-substituted aluminosilicate or aluminophosphate zeolite. 
     
     
         5 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type is selected from the group consisting of zeolite L, Linde Type L, gallosilicate L, LZ-212, LTL-type SAPO, and perlialite zeolite. 
     
     
         6 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the passive NO x  adsorber is coated onto a flow-through or filter substrate. 
     
     
         7 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the passive NO x  adsorber is extruded to form a flow-through or filter substrate. 
     
     
         8 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  further comprising a second molecular sieve catalyst, wherein the second molecular sieve catalyst comprises a second noble metal and a second molecular sieve, wherein the second molecular sieve does not have an LTL Framework Type. 
     
     
         9 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  wherein the first noble metal and the second noble metal are independently selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, silver, iridium, ruthenium, osmium, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  wherein the first noble metal and the second noble metal are both palladium. 
     
     
         11 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  wherein the second molecular sieve is a small, medium or large pore molecular sieve selected from the group of Framework Type consisting of ACO, AEI, AEN, AFN, AFT, AFX, ANA, APC, APD, ATT, CDO, CHA, DDR, DFT, EAB, EDI, EPI, ERI, GIS, GOO, IHW, ITE, ITW, LEV, KFI, MAZ, MER, MON, NSI, OFF, OWE, PAU, PHI, RHO, RTH, SAT, SAV, SFW, SIV, THO, TSC, UEI, UFI, VNI, YUG, ZON, BEA, and MFI, and intergrowths of two or more. 
     
     
         12 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 11  wherein the small pore molecular sieve is selected from the group Framework Type consisting of AEI and CHA. 
     
     
         13 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  wherein the passive NO x  adsorber is coated onto a flow-through or filter substrate. 
     
     
         14 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  having a first layer and a second layer wherein the first layer comprises the first noble metal and the molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type and the second layer comprises the second molecular sieve catalyst. 
     
     
         15 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 8  having a first zone and a second zone wherein the first zone comprises the first noble metal and the molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type and the second zone comprises the second molecular sieve catalyst. 
     
     
         16 . The passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  wherein the low temperature is 250° C. 
     
     
         17 . An exhaust system for internal combustion engines comprising the passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  and a catalyst component selected from the group consisting a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a particulate filter, a SCR filter, a NO x  adsorber catalyst, a three-way catalyst, an oxidation catalyst, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         18 . A method for reducing NO x  in an exhaust gas, said method comprising adsorbing NO x  onto the passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  at or below a low temperature, thermally desorbing NO x  from the passive NO x  adsorber at a temperature above the low temperature, and catalytically removing the desorbed NO x  on a catalyst component downstream of the passive NO x  adsorber. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18  wherein the catalyst component is selected from the group consisting a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a particulate filter, a SCR filter, a NO x  adsorber catalyst, a three-way catalyst, an oxidation catalyst, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 18  wherein the low temperature is 250° C. 
     
     
         21 . A catalyst comprising a substrate, a diesel oxidation catalyst, and the passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1 , wherein the passive NO x  adsorber of  claim 1  is located on a first zone or a first layer on the substrate and the diesel oxidation catalyst is located on a second zone or a second layer on the substrate. 
     
     
         22 . The catalyst of  claim 21  wherein the first zone is located upstream of the second zone. 
     
     
         23 . The catalyst of  claim 21  wherein the first zone is located downstream of the second zone. 
     
     
         24 . The catalyst of  claim 21  wherein the first layer is disposed on the substrate and the second layer is disposed on the first layer. 
     
     
         25 . The catalyst of  claim 21  wherein the second layer is disposed on the substrate and the first layer is disposed on the second layer.