Borosilicate nanoparticles and method for making the same

Abstract

Borosilicate nanoparticles and method of making borosilicate nanoparticles. Advantages of the method include making the borosilicate nanoparticles at temperatures not greater than 200 C. The nanoparticles made are useful, for example, as fillers in coatings, adhesives, and composite articles.

1 . A plurality of borosilicate nanoparticles, wherein a majority of the boron of the borosilicate is tetragonally coordinated. 
     
     
         2 . A composite comprising the plurality of borosilicate nanoparticles of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         3 . The composite of  claim 2  that includes a thermoplastic polymer matrix. 
     
     
         4 . The composite of  claim 2  that includes a thermoset polymer matrix. 
     
     
         5 . The composite of  claim 2  in the form of a layer. 
     
     
         6 . A method of making borosilicate nanoparticles, the method comprising:
 heating at least
 (a) at least one of a boron compound selected from a metaborate ester having the formula (RO) 3 (BO) 3  or an alkoxy borane having the formula B(OR) 3 , where R is an alkyl; and 
 (b) at least one of a silane compound having the formula Si(OR) 4  or a silane compound having the formula RSi(OR′) 3 , where R is an alkyl, phenyl or a reactive group and R′ is a alkyl or phenyl group 
   
       at at least one temperature and for a time sufficient to provide boroxine-silane adduct;
 acidifying the boroxine-silane adduct to provide a borosilicate network; and 
 hydrolyzing the borosilicate network with ammonia 
 
       to provide the borosilicate nanoparticles. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6  further comprising diluting the boroxine-silane adduct with at least one solvent prior to acidifying the boroxine-silane adduct. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the solvent is at least one of a ketone, ester, alcohol, or chlorocarbon. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein acidifying the boroxine-silane adduct is conducted with a carboxylic acid. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the ratio of B to Si in the boroxine-silane adduct is in a range from 0.2 to 1.5. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the heating is conducted at any temperature not greater than 200° C. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the heating is conducted at any temperature not greater than 100° C. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the heating is conducted at any temperature not greater than 50° C. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 6  further comprising adding a surfactant of non-ionic, cationic, or anionic to the boroxine-silane adduct prior to providing the borosilicate network. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the nanoparticles have particle sizes in a range in size from 5 nanometers to 1000 nanometers. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein a majority of the boron of the borosilicate is tetragonally coordinated.