Lubricant additive composition, lubricant, and method of preparing the same

Abstract

A lubricant additive composition including: a borate including an alkali metal borate, an alkaline earth metal borate, or a combination thereof; tungsten disulfide including particles having a particle diameter of 4 to 160 nanometers; an anti-scuff agent including a metal dithiocarbamate, a metal dialkyldithiocarbamate, a metal dithiophosphate, a metal dialkyldithiophosphate, or a combination thereof; a borate ester; and a base oil.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of manufacturing a lubricant additive composition, the method comprising:
 contacting
 tungsten disulfide comprising particles having a particle diameter of 4 to 160 nanometers; 
 a borate ester; 
 an anti-scuff agent comprising a metal dithiocarbamate, a metal dialkyldithiocarbamate, a metal dithiophosphate, a metal dialkyldithiophosphate, or a combination thereof; and 
 a base oil under conditions effective to disperse the borate, the tungsten disulfide, the borate ester, and the anti-scuff agent in the base oil to manufacture the lubricant additive composition. 
   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the conditions effective to disperse the tungsten disulfide, the borate ester, and the anti-scuff agent in the base oil are effective to form a colloid. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the conditions effective to form the colloid comprise
 blending for 1 to 100 minutes at 20 to 150° C.,   ultrasonically mixing for 1 to 100 minutes, and   high-shear mixing for 1 to 100 minutes at 20 to 150° C.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein the ultrasonically mixing comprises treatment with a Sonolator for 1 to 100 minutes at 50 to 150° C. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 3 , wherein the high-shear mixing comprises mixing with high-shear mixer at 2000 to 10000 revolutions per minute for 1 to 100 minutes at 50 to 150° C. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises
 settling for 1 to 48 hours after the contacting, and   filtering after the contacting.   
     
     
         7 . A method of manufacturing a lubricant, the method comprising:
 contacting the lubricant additive composition manufactured according to  claim 1  with an additional base oil, wherein the base oil and the additional base oil are the same or different.   
     
     
         8 . A method of lubricating an engine, the method comprising:
 providing the lubricant additive composition according to  claim 1 ; and   adding the lubricant additive to an engine to lubricate the engine.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the borate ester comprises trimethyl borate, triethyl borate, tri-n-propyl borate, tri-n-butyl borate, triphenyl borate, triisopropyl borate, tri-t-amyl borate, triphenyl borate, trimethoxy boroxine, tri-2-cyclohexylcyclohexyl borate, a trialkanolamine borate, manittol borate, glycerol borate, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the trialkanolamine borate comprises trimethanolamine borate, triethanolamine borate, tri-n-propanolamine borate, triisopropanolamine borate, or combination thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the borate ester comprises a compound of Formula 1: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein in Formula 1, Ra, Rb, and Rc are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 alkylarylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 arylalkylene group. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the metal of the anti-scuff agent comprises zinc, antimony, lead, molybdenum, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the anti-scuff agent comprises molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiocarbamate, molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate, molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the anti-scuff agent is molybdenum dithiocarbamate. 
     
     
         15 . A lubricant additive composition comprising:
 tungsten disulfide comprising particles having a particle diameter of 4 to 160 nanometers;   an anti-scuff agent comprising a metal dithiocarbamate, a metal dialkyldithiocarbamate, a metal dithiophosphate, a metal dialkyldithiophosphate, or a combination thereof;   a borate ester; and   a base oil.   
     
     
         16 . The lubricant additive composition of  claim 15 , wherein the tungsten disulfide is contained in an amount of 0.00001 to 1 weight percent, based on a total weight of the lubricant additive composition. 
     
     
         17 . The lubricant additive composition of  claim 15 , wherein the borate ester is according to Formula 1: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein in Formula 1, Ra, Rb, and Rc are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 alkylarylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C26 arylalkylene group. 
       
     
     
         18 . The lubricant additive composition of  claim 17 , wherein the borate ester is triisopropanolamine borate. 
     
     
         19 . The lubricant additive composition of  claim 15 , wherein the borate ester is contained in an amount of 0.0001 to 20 weight percent, based on a total weight of the lubricant additive composition. 
     
     
         20 . The lubricant additive composition of  claim 15 , wherein
 the tungsten disulfide is inorganic fullerene tungsten disulfide and comprises particles having a particle diameter of 8 to 80 nanometers;   the metal dialkyldithiocarbamate, metal dialkyldithiophosphate, or combination thereof is molybdenum dithiocarbamate;   the borate ester is a trialkanolamine borate; and   the base oil comprises a polyalphaolefin.   
     
     
         21 . A lubricant comprising the lubricant additive composition of  claim 15 . 
     
     
         22 . A method of lubricating an engine, the method comprising disposing the lubricant additive composition of  claim 15  in the engine.