Genetic polymorphisms associated with myocardial infarction, methods of detection and uses thereof

Abstract

The present invention is based on the discovery of genetic polymorphisms that are associated with myocardial infarction. In particular, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules containing the polymorphisms, variant proteins encoded by such nucleic acid molecules, reagents for detecting the polymorphic nucleic acid molecules and proteins, and methods of using the nucleic acid and proteins as well as methods of using reagents for their detection.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of determining whether a human has an altered risk for myocardial infarction, comprising testing nucleic acid from said human for the presence or absence of a polymorphism selected from the group consisting of the polymorphisms at position 101 of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS:18,017-73,085 or its complement, wherein the polymorphism indicates an altered risk for myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the polymorphism is selected from the group consisting of the polymorphisms set forth in Tables 6-7. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the altered risk is an increased risk. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the altered risk is a decreased risk. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said human has previously had a myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said nucleic acid is a nucleic acid extract from a biological sample from said human. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein said biological sample is blood, saliva, or buccal cells. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 6 , further comprising preparing said nucleic acid extract from said biological sample prior to said testing step. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising obtaining said biological sample from said human prior to said preparing step. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said testing step comprises nucleic acid amplification. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein said nucleic acid amplification is carried out by polymerase chain reaction. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising correlating the presence of said polymorphism with an increased risk for myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein said correlating step is performed by computer software. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising correlating the absence of said polymorphism with a decreased risk for myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein said correlating step is performed by computer software. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said testing is performed using sequencing, 5′ nuclease digestion, molecular beacon assay, oligonucleotide ligation assay, size analysis, single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis, or denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said testing is performed using an allele-specific method. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein said allele-specific method is allele-specific probe hybridization, allele-specific primer extension, or allele-specific amplification. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein said testing is performed using an allele-specific primer provided in Table 5. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1  which is an automated method. 
     
     
         21 . A method of identifying a human having an altered risk for myocardial infarction, comprising testing nucleic acid from said human for the presence or absence of a first polymorphism which is in linkage disequilibrium with a second polymorphism, wherein the second polymorphism is selected from the group consisting of the polymorphisms at position 101 of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS:18,017-73,085 or its complement, and wherein the first polymorphism identifies said human as having an altered risk for myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the linkage disequilibrium is r 2 =1. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , further comprising correlating the presence or absence of said first polymorphism with an altered risk for myocardial infarction. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein said correlating step is performed by computer software. 
     
     
         25 . A method for reducing risk of myocardial infarction in a human, the method comprising administering to said human an effective amount of a therapeutic agent, said human having been identified as having an increased risk for myocardial infarction due to the presence or absence of a polymorphism selected from the group consisting of the polymorphisms at position 101 of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS:18,017-73,085 or its complement. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the method comprises testing nucleic acid from said human for the presence or absence of said polymorphism. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising selecting said human for inclusion in a clinical trial of a therapeutic agent. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein said therapeutic agent is in clinical trials.