Thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle and the operation thereof

Abstract

Thermodynamic cycle thermic machine and the operation thereof. Consisting of a tank ( 1 ) of compressed subcooled liquid at room temperature, which is filled either of recoverable liquids supplied by a machine with closed thermic cycle or of new liquids supplied by thermic machines with opened thermic cycle, a suction line, a pump, a pump output line ( 6 ), a line for supplying a high temperature fluid, a fluid mixing zone, a turbine, a turbine outlet to the environment or to a closed, cycle thermic machine; a heat exchanger or a boiler can be added to said output line. Pumping the compressed liquid from the tank to the mixing zone and supplying simultaneously a high temperature fluid, increasing the velocity of the mixture obtained as a result of density change by evaporation. The mixture is sent to the turbine to perform work by change in kinetic energy.

1 . A thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle, characterized in that it comprises:
 a tank ( 1 ) of compressed liquid or of a mixture of compressed liquids, intended to contain the working fluid or fluids ( 2 ), preferably water, it being possible to use other liquids such as for instance an aqueous solution of citric acid, hydrocarbons, ethers, oils, among others, compressed or subcooled in the liquid state at mom temperature; said tank ( 1 ) is filled with the working liquid or liquids ( 2 ) from two possible sources: the first source is when the working liquid or liquids ( 2 ) can be recovered, and this occurs when the machine according to the present invention works with high temperature fluids ( 2 ) that are supplied by a closed thermic cycle machine such as the Brayton, Rankine's; a second source of supply of this tank consists in using a new liquid or new liquids when the machine according is to the present invention works with high temperature fluids ( 2 ) that are supplied by opened thermic cycle thermic machines such as Brayton's ( 3 ), Diesel's, Otto's, or with other industrial processes where the fluids that are discarded have a temperature higher than the saturation temperature of the working fluid ( 2 );   a suction line ( 4 ) connecting the tank with a pump;   a pump ( 5 ) for liquids;   an output line ( 6 ) of the pump;   a supply line of high temperature fluid ( 7 ) coming from:
 a. a thermic machine with a cycle opened to the atmosphere such as a Diesel cycle or an Otto cycle, and preferably a Brayton cycle ( 3 ) as shown in  FIG. 2 , which the actual exhaust temperature ranges between 495 and 560 degrees Celcius; the temperature of the supplied fluid must be above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids; taking water as an example, the temperature of the high temperature fluid must be above 100° C. at a pressure of one atmosphere; 
 b. a boiler, a heat exchanger ( 11 ) or an industrial process; 
 c. or a thermic machine with closed cycle like the Brayton, Rankine cycle; 
   fluid mixing zone ( 8 );   a turbine ( 9 );   an outlet ( 10 ) of the turbine that can go to;
 a. the environment when the machine according to the present invention operates with high temperature fluids that are provided by opened thermic cycle machines or with high-temperature fluids of industrial processes. 
 b. a thermic machine with closed cycle such as the Brayton, Rankine cycle. 
   
     
     
         2 . A thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle, characterized in that, in a different embodiment, the machine is provided with a heat exchanger or a boiler ( 11 ) in the output line, said heat exchanger or boiler possibly belonging to a thermic machine which heats the compressed or subcooled liquid up to the saturated liquid temperature. 
     
     
         3 . Operation of the thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle, characterized by the following steps:
 Step 1: The compressed liquid or the mixture of compressed liquids ( 2 ) of the tank ( 1 ) are pumped to the mixing zone ( 8 ), and simultaneously high temperature fluid is supplied through the supply line to the fluid mixing zone ( 8 );   Step 2: the mixture obtained in the mixing zone ( 8 ) increases its velocity as a result of the density change by evaporation;   Step 3: the mixture is sent to the turbine  9  to perform a work by change in kinetic energy;   Step 4: the mixture of fluids ( 10 ) exits the turbine ( 9 ) and is discharged to the environment or continues in the cycle of a closed-cycle thermic machine.   
     
     
         4 . Operation of the thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle, characterized in that, in a different embodiment, in step  1 , the liquid being pumped to the mixing zone ( 8 ) enters as a saturated liquid and not as compressed fluid, which, in the case of water, is 100° C. at the pressure of one atmosphere, and, in step 2, when mixed with the high temperature fluid, the evaporation is done immediately, increasing its kinetic energy.