Pharmaceutical composition comprising monosaccharide and/or polysaccharide and uses of monosaccharide and polysaccharide

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition comprising a monosaccharide and/or polysaccharide as an active ingredient thereof, for decreasing the accumulation of di-carbonyl compounds in the human body. Said monosaccharide is a monomer of said polysaccharide, and the molecular weight of the polysaccharide ranges from 29 kDa to 36 kDa. The monosaccharide and/or polysaccharide can be used to prevent or treat nephritis or diseases associated with di-carbonyl compounds, or other diseases caused by carbonyl-stress, and can also be used to make the relevant drug.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising an active ingredient for reducing either methylglyoxal or glyoxal accumulation in an animal body, wherein the active ingredient is at least one selected from a group consisting of monosaccharide and polysaccharide, wherein the polysaccharide has a range of molecular weight from 29 kDa to 36 kDa, while the monosaccharide is one monomer of the polysaccharide and has a molecular structure shown as below: 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         2 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is at least one selected from a group consisting of glucosamine and chitosan. 
     
     
         3 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is chitosan, and the chitosan has a reducing ratio to inhibit the methylglyoxal over 50% when the chitosan reaches a concentration of 4.60 μg·mL −1 . 
     
     
         4 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is chitosan, the chitosan has a range of reducing ratio of the methylglyoxal between 50% and 70% when the chitosan has a concentration range between 4.60 μg·mL −1  and 30.00 μg·mL −1 . 
     
     
         5 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is chitosan with an effective dosage thereof 500 mg·kg −1 ·d −1 , if the chitosan is continuously delivered for 14 days, a content level of methylglyoxal in a mouse body is reduced to a range of 55% to 60%. 
     
     
         6 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is chitosan with an effective dosage thereof 500 mg·kg −1 ·day −1  if the chitosan is continuously delivered for 14 days, a content level of an advanced glycation end-products in an mouse body is reduced to a range of 35% to 40%. 
     
     
         7 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein the active ingredient is chitosan, whose conjugation bonding duration with methylglyoxal reaches to 24 hours under temperature 37 degree centigrade. 
     
     
         8 . The pharmaceutical composition as claimed in the  claim 1 , wherein one of said methylglyoxal and glyoxal joints a pathogenic mechanism with disease associated while the disease is selected from a group consisting of partial aging process in human body, liver disease, kidney disease, heart disease, arthritis, diabetic complications, cataract, chronic renal failure and cancer. 
     
     
         9 . A monosaccharide for producing a pharmaceutical composition, which is used for reducing a content level of methylglyoxal in human body, wherein a molecular structure of said monosaccharide is the same as that claimed in  claim 1 . 
     
     
         10 . A polysaccharide for producing a pharmaceutical composition, which is used for reducing a content level of methylglyoxal in human body, wherein a molecular structure for one monomer of said polysaccharide is the same as that claimed in  claim 1 .