Combustion hole insert with integrated film restarter

Abstract

An insert for combustion air holes in a liner wall of a combustion chamber is disclosed. The insert includes a body, a flange extending from the body, and a restarter jet. The restarter jet includes a restarter inlet and a slot. The restarter inlet is located in a radially outer surface of the flange. The slot extends across the flange and up a portion of the body to a restarter outlet location proximal an end surface of the body. The slot is configured to direct air entering the restarter inlet out of the slot at the restarter outlet location along a surface of the liner wall inside the combustion chamber.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An insert for combustion air holes in a liner wall of a combustion chamber for a gas turbine engine, the insert comprising:
 a body having a first cylindrical shape with an insert axis, the body including
 a body outer surface that is a first cylindrical surface forming an outer surface of the body, 
 a combustor jet surface located radially inward from the body outer surface forming a jet for directing combustion air into the combustion chamber, and 
 a body end surface located at an axial end of the body and adjacent to the body outer surface and the combustor jet surface; 
   a flange located at an opposite end of the body relative to the body end surface, the flange including
 a flange contact surface adjacent the body outer surface, the flange contact surface having an annular shape, and 
 a flange outer surface adjacent the flange contact surface, the flange outer surface having a second cylindrical shape located radially outward from the body outer surface; and 
   a restarter jet including
 a restarter inlet located in the flange outer surface and extending up to the flange contact surface, and 
 a slot extending from the restarter inlet through a first portion of the flange along the flange contact surface and through a second portion of the body along the body outer surface up to a restarter outlet location proximal the body end surface, the slot being curved to redirect air entering the restarter jet at the restarter inlet in a first direction to exit the restarter jet at the restarter outlet location in a second direction. 
   
     
     
         2 . The insert of  claim 1 , wherein the restarter inlet includes a bell mouth surface adjacent the flange outer surface forming a transition from the flange outer surface to the slot. 
     
     
         3 . The insert of  claim 2 , wherein the bell mouth surface is a round that transitions from a circumferential direction to a radial direction. 
     
     
         4 . The insert of  claim 1 , wherein the restarter jet includes a bonding relief surface extending from the restarter inlet along the slot  381  towards the restarter outlet location, the bonding relief surface being an edge break. 
     
     
         5 . The insert of  claim 4 , wherein the bonding relief surface tapers, reducing in width while extending from the restarter inlet towards the restarter outlet location and terminates prior to the restarter outlet location. 
     
     
         6 . The insert of  claim 1 , wherein the body end surface is angled so that a first side of the body end surface adjacent the restarter outlet location is further from the flange contact surface than a second side of the body end surface opposite the first side of the body end surface. 
     
     
         7 . The insert of  claim 1 , further comprising a second restarter jet extending through the body and being circumferentially offset from the restarter jet, the second restarter jet including a second restarter inlet located in the combustor jet surface and a second restarter outlet located in the body outer surface proximal to the body end surface, the second restarter jet being angled so that the second restarter inlet is axially closer to the flange than the second restarter outlet. 
     
     
         8 . The insert of  claim 1 , further comprising a sleeve joined to the body outer surface, the sleeve extending circumferentially around the body outer surface and extending axially between the flange contact surface and the restarter outlet location. 
     
     
         9 . A combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine, the combustion chamber comprising:
 a liner wall including
 a combustion surface located inside of the combustion chamber, 
 a plenum surface opposite the combustion surface and located outside the combustion chamber, and 
 a combustion hole surface extending from the combustion surface to the plenum surface forming a combustion air hole through the liner wall, the combustion hole surface having a first cylindrical shape; and 
   an insert including
 a body extending through the combustion air hole and having an insert axis, the body including
 a body outer surface forming an outer surface of the body, the body outer surface having a second cylindrical shape and being located radially inward from the combustion hole surface relative to the insert axis, 
 a combustor jet surface located radially inward from the body outer surface forming a jet for directing combustion air through the liner wall and into the combustion chamber, and 
 a body end surface located at an axial end of the body, adjacent to the body outer surface and the combustor jet surface, and located inside the combustion chamber, 
 
 a flange located at an opposite end of the body relative to the body end surface, outside of the combustion chamber, the flange including
 a flange contact surface having an annular shape adjacent the body outer surface, and 
 a flange outer surface adjacent the flange contact surface, the flange outer surface having a third cylindrical shape located radially outward from the body outer surface, and 
 
   a restarter jet including
 a restarter inlet located in the flange, 
 a restarter outlet located in the body outer surface proximal the body end surface and adjacent the combustion surface, and 
 a slot extending from the restarter inlet through the flange along the flange contact surface and through the body along the body outer surface to the restarter outlet, wherein a portion of the slot is formed by the combustion hole surface. 
   
     
     
         10 . The combustion chamber of  claim 9 , wherein the restarter inlet includes a bell mouth surface adjacent the flange outer surface forming a transition from the flange outer surface to the slot. 
     
     
         11 . The combustion chamber of  claim 10 , wherein the bell mouth surface is a round that transitions from a circumferential direction to a radial direction. 
     
     
         12 . The combustion chamber of  claim 9 , wherein the restarter inlet is located adjacent the plenum surface with the plenum surface forming a portion of the restarter inlet. 
     
     
         13 . The combustion chamber of  claim 12 , wherein the restarter jet includes a bonding relief surface extending from the restarter inlet along the slot towards the restarter outlet adjacent the plenum surface and adjacent the combustion hole surface, the bonding relief surface being an edge break. 
     
     
         14 . The combustion chamber of  claim 13 , wherein the bonding relief surface tapers, reducing in width while extending from the restarter inlet towards the restarter outlet and terminates at the combustion surface. 
     
     
         15 . The combustion chamber of  claim 9 , further comprising:
 a plenum wall spaced apart from the liner wall forming a plenum there between, the plenum wall including
 a plenum wall first surface, 
 a plenum wall second surface opposite the plenum wall first surface and facing the plenum surface, and 
 a plenum wall combustion hole surface extending from the plenum wall first surface to the plenum wall second surface, the plenum wall combustion hole surface having a fourth cylindrical shape axially aligned with the combustion hole surface; 
   wherein the body is elongated and extends through the plenum wall at the plenum wall combustion hole and the restarter inlet is located adjacent the plenum wall first surface with the plenum wall first surface forming a portion of the restarter inlet; and   wherein the insert includes a sleeve extending circumferentially around the body outer surface and extending axially at least between the plenum surface and the plenum wall second surface.   
     
     
         16 . The combustion chamber of  claim 15 , further comprising a second restarter jet including a second restarter inlet located adjacent the plenum surface and a second restarter outlet located adjacent the combustion surface. 
     
     
         17 . An insert for combustion air holes in a liner wall of a combustion chamber for a gas turbine engine, the insert comprising:
 a body having a cylindrical shape with an insert axis, the body including
 a body outer surface that is a first cylindrical surface forming an outer surface of the body, 
 a combustor jet surface located radially inward from the body outer surface forming a combustor jet for directing combustion air into the combustion chamber, the combustor jet surface including an inlet portion, the inlet portion forming a bell mouth inlet into the combustor jet, and 
 a body end surface located at an axial end of the body adjacent to the body outer surface and the combustor jet surface; 
   a flange located at an opposite end of the body relative to the body end surface and adjoining the inlet portion; and   a restarter jet including
 a restarter inlet located in the inlet portion, 
 a channel extending from the restarter inlet axially through the body towards the body end surface relative to the insert axis, and 
 a restarter outlet extending from the body outer surface to the channel, the restarter outlet being located proximal the body end surface. 
   
     
     
         18 . The insert of  claim 17 , wherein the restarter inlet includes a bell mouth surface adjacent the inlet portion forming a transition from the inlet portion to the channel. 
     
     
         19 . The insert of  claim 17 , wherein the channel is an annular shape having a circumferential span with an angular distance up to 90 degrees within the body. 
     
     
         20 . The insert of  claim 17 , wherein the body is elongated so as to extend through the liner wall and through a plenum wall, the plenum wall being offset from the liner wall.