Poly(vinyl acetal) resin compositions, layers, and interlayers having enhanced optical properties

Abstract

Resin compositions, layers, and interlayers comprising two or more thermoplastic polymers and at least one RI balancing agent for adjusting the refractive index of at least one of the resins or layers is provided. Such compositions, layers, and interlayers exhibit enhanced optical properties while retaining other properties, such as impact resistance and acoustic performance.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An interlayer comprising:
 a first resin layer comprising a first poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a first high RI plasticizer;   a second resin layer adjacent to said first resin layer, wherein said second resin layer comprises a second poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a second high RI plasticizer,   wherein said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin layer and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin layer each have a refractive index of at least 1.460 and an absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said first resin layer and said second resin layer of not more than 0.010.   
     
     
         2 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein said first high RI plasticizer and said second high RI plasticizer comprise at least one of the following compounds: bis-(methoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, 2-ethylhexyloxyethyl benzoate, 2-ethylhexyloxyethoxylethyl benzoate, ethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein first high RI plasticizer and said second high RI plasticizer comprise at least one of the following compounds: bis-(methoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, ethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein said first high RI plasticizer and said second high RI plasticizer comprise at least one of the following compounds: bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein said first resin layer has a refractive index of at least 1.480 and said second resin layer has a refractive index of at least 1.480. 
     
     
         6 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of said first and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resins comprises residues of an aldehyde selected from the group consisting of n-butyraldehyde, iso-butyraldehyde, 2-ethylhexaldehyde, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         7 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein the difference between the residual hydroxyl content of said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin and the residual hydroxyl content of said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin is at least 2 weight percent and wherein at least one of said first and said second resin layers has a glass transition temperature less than 25° C. 
     
     
         8 . The interlayer of  claim 1 , wherein the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said first resin layer and said second resin layer of not more than 0.005. 
     
     
         9 . A multiple layer panel comprising the interlayer of  claim 1  and at least one rigid substrate. 
     
     
         10 . An interlayer comprising:
 a first plasticized resin layer comprising a first poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a high RI plasticizer, wherein said first plasticized resin layer has a refractive index of at least 1.460;   a second plasticized resin layer comprising a second poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a high RI plasticizer, wherein said second plasticized resin layer has a refractive index of at least 1.460; and   a third plasticized polyvinyl resin layer comprising a third poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a high RI plasticizer, wherein said third plasticized resin layer has a refractive index of at least 1.460 wherein said second plasticized resin layer is sandwiched between said first plasticized resin layer and said third plasticized resin layer, and   wherein the largest of the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said first plasticized resin layer and the refractive index of said second plasticized resin layer and the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said second plasticized resin layer and the refractive index of said third plasticized resin layer is not more than 0.010.   
     
     
         11 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein the refractive index of said first plasticized resin layer, second plasticized resin layer, and said third plasticized resin layer is each at least 1.480. 
     
     
         12 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein said high RI plasticizer comprises at least one of the following compounds: bis-(methoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, 2-ethylhexyloxyethyl benzoate, 2-ethylhexyloxyethoxylethyl benzoate, ethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein said high RI plasticizer comprises at least one of the following compounds: bis-(methoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyloxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, ethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein said high RI plasticizer comprises at least one of the following compounds: bis-(butoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(butoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(ethoxyethoxyethyl)terephthalate, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)iso-phthalate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, dodecyl benzoate, dipropylene glycol di-o-toluate, triethylene glycol benzoate acetate, trioctyl trimellitate, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein said second resin layer has a glass transition temperature that is at least 3° C. higher or lower than the glass transition temperature of said first resin layer and/or said third resin layer, wherein said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin has a residual hydroxyl content that is at least 2 weight percent higher or lower than the residual hydroxyl content of said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin and said third poly(vinyl acetal) resin, and wherein said interlayer has a haze value of less than 5 percent. 
     
     
         16 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein at least one of said first and said second and said third plasticized poly(vinyl acetal) resins comprises residues of an aldehyde selected from the group consisting of n-butyraldehyde, iso-butyraldehyde, 2-ethylhexaldehyde, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         17 . The interlayer of  claim 10 , wherein the largest of the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said first plasticized resin layer and the refractive index of said second plasticized resin layer and the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said second plasticized resin layer and the refractive index of said third plasticized resin layer is not more than 0.005.