Heat pump system for vehicle and method of controlling the same

Abstract

A heat pump system for a vehicle may include a cooling apparatus that supplies and circulates coolant to a motor and an electrical equipment through a cooling line, wherein the cooling apparatus includes a radiator, a cooling fan that ventilates wind to the radiator, and a water pump connected to the cooling line, and an air conditioner apparatus connected through a refrigerant line, wherein the air conditioner apparatus includes a water-cooled condenser connected to the cooling line to change a temperature of the coolant using a waste heat that has occurred in the motor and the electrical equipment according to each mode of the vehicle and that is connected to the refrigerant line to enable an injected refrigerant in the refrigerant line to exchange a heat with the coolant at the inside thereof, and an air-cooled condenser connected in series to the water-cooled condenser through the refrigerant line.

1 . A heat pump system for a vehicle, comprising:
 a cooling apparatus that supplies and circulates coolant to a motor and an electrical equipment through a cooling line, wherein the cooling apparatus includes:
 a radiator that cools the supplied coolant through heat exchange with outdoor air; 
 a cooling fan that ventilates wind to the radiator; and 
 a water pump that is connected to the cooling line and circulates the coolant along the cooling line; and 
   an air conditioner apparatus that is connected through a refrigerant line in order to adjust heating and air conditioning of vehicle indoors, wherein the air conditioner apparatus includes:
 a water-cooled condenser that is connected to the cooling line to change a temperature of the coolant using a waste heat that has occurred in the motor and the electrical equipment according to each mode of the vehicle and that is connected to the refrigerant line to enable an injected refrigerant in the refrigerant line to exchange a heat with the coolant at the inside thereof; 
   an air-cooled condenser that is connected in series to the water-cooled condenser through the refrigerant line and that enables a refrigerant that is injected into the inside thereof to exchange a heat with the outdoor air; and   wherein the air-cooled condenser has a plurality of switch films that selectively inject outdoor air at the front thereof.   
     
     
         2 . The heat pump system of  claim 1 , wherein the air conditioner apparatus includes
 a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module having a switch door that selectively adjusts opening at the inside thereof in order to inject outdoor air having passed through an evaporator according to a heating mode, an air conditioning mode, and a dehumidification mode into an internal condenser and a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater;   a compressor that is connected to the evaporator through the refrigerant line and that compresses a refrigerant of a gas state;   an accumulator that is provided on the refrigerant line between the compressor and the evaporator and that supplies a gas refrigerant to the compressor;   a first valve that selectively supplies a refrigerant that is exhausted from the compressor to the water-cooled condenser or the internal condenser according to a mode of the vehicle;   a first expansion valve that receives and expands a refrigerant having passed through the internal condenser;   a second valve that enables a refrigerant that is expanded through the first expansion valve to sequentially pass through the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser and that selectively supplies the refrigerant to the evaporator or the accumulator; and   a second expansion valve that is provided between the evaporator and the second valve and that expands a refrigerant that is injected through switch of the second valve.   
     
     
         3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . The heat pump system of  claim 2 , wherein the first and second, and third valves are formed with a 3-way valve. 
     
     
         5 . The heat pump system of  claim 1 , wherein the cooling apparatus and the air conditioner apparatus are operated by a control signal of a controller. 
     
     
         6 - 8 . (canceled) 
     
     
         9 . The heat pump system of  claim 1 , wherein the switch film operates by a control signal of a controller, is closed in a heating mode, and is opened in an air conditioning mode and a dehumidification mode. 
     
     
         10 . A method of controlling a heat pump system for a vehicle having a cooling apparatus that is electrically connected to a controller and that is fluid-connected through a cooling line and that includes a radiator, a water pump, and an electrical equipment, and an air conditioner apparatus that is connected through a refrigerant line and that includes a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) module that is formed with a plurality of valves, an expansion valve, a compressor, an accumulator, an evaporator, an internal condenser, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater, and a switch door, the method comprising:
 operating the heat pump system, in a heating mode, an air conditioning mode, and a dehumidification mode according to a user's selection,   wherein the heat pump system includes a water-cooled condenser that is connected to the cooling line and the refrigerant line and an air-cooled condenser that is disposed at the front of the radiator and connected to the refrigerant line, and   changing a moving path of a refrigerant that circulates the air conditioner apparatus based on the heating mode, the air conditioning mode, and the dehumidification mode according to the user's selection, through operation of the each valve, such that a switch door of the HVAC module is selectively open and closed.   
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein:
 in the heating mode, by the cooling apparatus,
 raising a temperature of coolant that is injected into the water-cooled condenser through a waste heat that has occurred in the motor and the electrical equipment; 
 enabling the coolant to exchange a heat with a refrigerant that is injected into the water-cooled condenser through the refrigerant line; 
 injecting the refrigerant having passed through the water-cooled condenser into the air-cooled condenser; and 
 enabling the refrigerant to exchange a heat with a heat source of outdoor air; and 
   in the heating mode, by the air conditioner apparatus,
 enabling a heated refrigerant through heat exchange with coolant and outdoor air in the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser; 
 supplying the refrigerant to the internal condenser of the HVAC module through operation of the first valve in a state that is compressed with a gas refrigerant of a high temperature and high pressure state by passing through the accumulator and the compressor along a refrigerant line through opening of the second valve; 
 sequentially supplying and circulating the refrigerant having passed through the internal condenser to the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser in a state that is expanded through the first expansion valve; and 
 opening the switch door so that outdoor air, having passed through the evaporator of the HVAC module from the outside passes through the internal condenser; and 
 enabling the injected outdoor air to heat vehicle indoors together with a selective operation of the PTC heater while passing through the internal condenser. 
   
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein in the air conditioning mode,
 cooling coolant that is injected into the radiator together with outdoor air by a cooling fan; and   by the cooling apparatus:
 lowering a temperature of a refrigerant by second heat exchange with outdoor air by injecting a refrigerant that has exchanged a heat with coolant while passing through the water-cooled condenser into the air-cooled condenser while cooling the electrical equipment and the motor by circulating the coolant along the cooling line in a state that is cooled through heat exchange with a refrigerant that is injected into the water-cooled condenser, and 
   by the air conditioner apparatus:
 supplying an expanded refrigerant to the evaporator by operating the second valve so that a refrigerant of a low temperature that is cooled while passing through the air-cooled condenser injects into the second expansion valve that is connected to the evaporator of the HVAC module; 
 exhausting the refrigerant that is evaporated through heat exchange with outdoor air in the evaporator; 
 opening a refrigerant line that is connected to the water-cooled condenser through operation of the first valve and circulates the refrigerant in a state that is compressed while passing through the accumulator and the compressor; and 
 cooling the vehicle indoors by closing the switch door so that outdoor air that is cooled while passing through the evaporator by a refrigerant that is injected into the evaporator is not injected into the internal condenser and by directly injecting outdoor air that is cooled while passing through the evaporator into the vehicle. 
   
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein in the air conditioning mode, when the vehicle travels, opening each switch film that is installed at a front surface of the radiator to inject traveling wind into the radiator. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein in the dehumidification mode, as a cooling fan operates, in a state in which coolant that is injected into the radiator together with outdoor air is cooled,
 by the cooling apparatus,
 cooling the motor and the electrical equipment through operation of the water pump with cooled coolant while lowering a temperature of a refrigerant and coolant by heat exchange of the refrigerant and the coolant of a low temperature that is injected into the water-cooled condenser; 
   by the air conditioner apparatus,
 opening the second valve so that a refrigerant of a low temperature that is cooled while exchanging a heat with coolant and outdoor air while sequentially passing through the water-cooled condenser and the air-cooled condenser is injected into the second expansion valve that is connected to the evaporator of the HVAC module; 
 supplying the expanded refrigerant to the evaporator; 
 supplying a refrigerant to the internal condenser by opening a refrigerant line that is connected to the internal condenser through operation of the first valve in a compressed state while passing through the accumulator and the compressor by exhausting a refrigerant that is evaporated through heat exchange with outdoor air in the evaporator; 
 supplying and circulating the refrigerant having passed through the internal condenser to the water-cooled condenser in a state that is expanded through the first expansion valve; 
 opening the switch door so that outdoor air that is cooled while passing through the evaporator of the HVAC module from the outside passes through the internal condenser; and 
 enabling injected outdoor air to dehumidify vehicle indoors while passing through the internal condenser and the PTC heater. 
   
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein in the dehumidification mode, adjusting, by the controller, an expansion amount of the refrigerant through adjustment of opening of the first and second expansion valves. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein in the dehumidification mode, when the vehicle travels, opening each switch film that is installed at a front surface of the radiator to inject traveling wind into the radiator. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 10 , wherein in the heating mode, the air conditioning mode, and the dehumidification mode, controlling, by the controller, a wind amount of the cooling fan and a flux of the water pump according to a temperature state of a waste heat that has occurred in the electrical equipment and a temperature state of the coolant and the refrigerant.