Self-contained, multi-fluid energy conversion and management system for converting solar energy to electric and thermal energy

Abstract

The teachings generally relate to a system for converting solar energy into electrical energy and thermal energy using a self-contained system having a plurality of channels for the heat transfer using a respective plurality of fluids.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A self-contained and highly efficient, multi-fluid energy conversion and management system for converting solar energy to electric and thermal energy, the system comprising:
 a core component that includes (i) a photovoltaic layer for converting solar energy to electrical energy, (ii) a gas thermal exchange layer for heat transfer into gas media, and (iii) a liquid thermal exchange layer for heat transfer into liquid media; wherein, each of the thermal exchange layers are configured to
 be in operable thermal contact with at least one other layers; 
 contain a channel for transport of a gas or liquid; and, 
 provide a thermal contact between a wall of the channel and a wall of at least one of the other layers, wherein the thermal contact ranges from about 12% to less than about 45% of the abluminal area of the wall of the channel; 
   and,   a manifold component operable for distributing thermal energy from the core component.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the system includes a tightly packed plurality of channels in at least one of the layers having a packing efficiency of the plurality of channels in the layer ranging from about 78% to about 99%. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the manifold component is detachably engaged with the core component and functions to separate the thermal energy into a plurality of streams comprising a gas stream and a liquid stream. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the layers are configured in a stacked orientation. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein each layer in the core component is in contact with a separator floor that separates that layer from at least one other layer in the system. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the thermal exchange layers in the core component is formed by a single mass of material. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the thermal exchange layers in the core component is manufactured by an extrusion process. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the thermal exchange layers in the core component is manufactured by a casting process. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the core component is transparent. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the core component is coated with a surface coating for enhancing protection from corrosion. 
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the core component is coated with a surface coating for enhancing absorption of the infra-red spectrum of the solar energy. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the core component comprises channels configured in a honey-comb pattern. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the manifold component comprises a plurality of channels, each channel in the plurality of channels corresponding to a thermal exchange layer in the core component. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the core component or the manifold component is configured to create a turbulent flow in a liquid stream for increasing heat transfer efficiency. 
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the component further comprises a cleaning passage for cleaning the photovoltaic panel, the cleaning passage comprises a cleaning chamber and a cleaning valve, the cleaning valve is substantially aligned with the top surface of the photovoltaic panel, the cleaning chamber contain water for gushing out of the cleaning valve to clean the photovoltaic panel. 
     
     
         16 . A method for generating electric energy and heated fluid, said method comprising the following steps:
 providing a first photovoltaic panel comprising a plurality of photovoltaic cells for converting the incident solar energy into electric energy;   providing a multi-layer assembly comprising a plurality of thermal exchange layers, at least one of the plurality of layers containing a channel for transporting heat to a gas and at least one of the plurality of layers containing a channel for transporting heat to a liquid; and,   distributing the gas and the liquid from the multi-layer assembly to transport thermal energy for a use;   wherein, each of the thermal exchange layers are configured to
 be in operable thermal contact with at least one other layers; 
 contain a channel for transport of a gas or liquid; and, 
 provide a thermal contact between a wall of the channel and a wall of at least one of the other layers, wherein the thermal contact ranges from about 12% to less than about 45% of the abluminal area of the wall of the channel. 
   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , further providing a second photovoltaic panel opposing the first photovoltaic panel and comprising a plurality of photovoltaic cells for converting scatter solar energy into electrical energy; 
     
     
         18 . A solar energy conversion system comprising:
 A casing containing (i) a first photovoltaic layer for converting incident solar energy to electrical energy, (ii) a gas thermal exchange layer for heat transfer into gas media, (iii) a liquid thermal exchange layer for heat transfer into liquid media; and a second photovoltaic layer for converting scatter solar energy to electrical energy; wherein, each of the thermal exchange layers are configured to
 be in operable thermal contact with at least one other layers; 
 contain a channel for transport of a gas or liquid; and, 
 provide a thermal contact between a wall of the channel and a wall of at least one of the other layers, wherein the thermal contact ranges from about 12% to less than about 45% of the abluminal area of the wall of the channel; 
   and,   a manifold having a plurality of channels in operable communication with at least the gas thermal exchange layer and the liquid thermal exchange layer for distributing thermal energy for a use; wherein,   the system substantially increases the power output per unit area of the system over a system that does not convert scatter solar energy into electrical energy.   
     
     
         19 . The system of  claim 19 , wherein at least one of the thermal exchange layers in the core component is manufactured as a single unit by an extrusion or cast process. 
     
     
         20 . The system of  claim 19 , wherein the system includes a tightly packed plurality of channels in at least one of the layers having a packing efficiency of the plurality of channels in the layer ranging from about 78% to about 99%.