Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods and systems using same

Abstract

Disclosed are the use of fluorine substituted olefins, including tetra- and penta-fluoropropenes, in a variety of applications, including in methods of depositing catalyst on a solid support, methods of sterilizing articles, cleaning methods and compositions, methods of applying medicaments, fire extinguishing/suppression compositions and methods, flavor formulations, fragrance formulations and inflating agents.

1 .- 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A method for producing a fluid having improved properties comprising:
 (a) providing a first fluid having flammability in air;   (b) providing a second fluid comprising transHFO-1234ze; and   (c) combining said first fluid and said second fluid to produce a fluid having a flammability in air that is substantially less than the flammability of said first fluid and having no substantial acute toxicity   
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21  wherein said combining step produces a fluid having no flammability air, a global warming potential (GWP) of not greater than about 1000 and an ozone depletion potential (ODP) not greater than about 0.02. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21  wherein said first fluid comprises flammable hydrocarbon(s). 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21  wherein said first fluid comprises flammable hydro fluorocarbon(s). 
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-152a. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 24  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-143a. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 24  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-32. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 24  wherein said first fluid comprises at least one hydrofluorcarbon selected from the group consisting of HFC-152a, HFC-143a, HFC-32 and combinations of any two or more of these. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 21  wherein said combining step produces a fluid having no flammability in air as measured by ASTM E-681. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 29  wherein said first fluid comprises flammable hydro fluorocarbon(s). 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 29  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-152a and said second fluid consists essentially of transHFO-1234ze. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 29  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-143a and said second fluid consists essentially of transHFO-1234ze. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 29  wherein said first fluid comprises HFC-32 and said second fluid consists essentially of transHFO-1234ze. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 29  wherein said first fluid comprises at least one hydrofluorcarbon selected from the group consisting of HFC-152a, HFC-143a, HFC-32 and combinations of any two or more of these. 
     
     
         35 . A refrigerant composition comprising a reduced flammability fluid formed according to the method of claim  1 . 
     
     
         36 . A method for cooling comprising providing the refrigerant of  claim 35  in a heat transfer system. 
     
     
         37 . A method for cooling the air in an automobile comprising providing the refrigerant of  claim 35  in the air conditioning system of the automobile. 
     
     
         38 . A chiller comprising the refrigerant of  claim 35 . 
     
     
         39 . A commercial air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of  claim 35 . 
     
     
         40 . A refrigeration system comprising the refrigerant of  claim 35 . 
     
     
         41 . An air conditioning system comprising the refrigerant of  claim 35 .