Polishing device for optical elements and method thereof

Abstract

A polishing device for optical elements includes: a tool shank ( 1 ), and a polishing disc base; wherein the tool shank ( 1 ) is connected to the polishing disc base and is mounted on a tool shaft of a numerical-controlled processing device; wherein a polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on the polishing disc base; the polishing disc base is a profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ), a cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ), a profiling polishing disc base ( 12 ) or a spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ); wherein the tool shank ( 1 ) is independent and universal, thereby reducing the processing cost of the polishing device. A polishing method for optical elements is based on the shapes mentioned above of the polishing disc base.

1 . A polishing device for optical elements, comprising: a tool shank ( 1 ), and a cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ); wherein the tool shank ( 1 ) is connected to the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) and is mounted on a tool shaft of a numerical-controlled processing device; wherein a polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ). 
     
     
         2 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 1 , wherein a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is extruded from a bottom of the tool shank ( 1 ), for cooperating with a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at a top of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ), wherein when the tool shank ( 1 ) and the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) are connected and fixed, the polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is pressed into the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) without interval;
 wherein threaded fittings are provided on both the tool shank ( 1 ) and the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ), the tool shank ( 1 ) and the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) are fixed by screws ( 4 ).   
     
     
         3 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) is cylinder-shaped, and a bottom thereof is arc-shaped; the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) comprises a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at the top thereof; the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on an arc portion at a bottom of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 );
 wherein a curvature radius of the bottom, which is arc-shaped, of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) is r 1 ; before utilization, the polishing film ( 3 ) stuck on the arc portion of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) is trimmed, in such a manner that a surface section curve thereof is a precise arc with a curvature radius of r 2 ; a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h.   
     
     
         4 . A surface-contacted polishing method for spherical and planar optical elements, comprising steps of:
 1) pressing a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) into a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ), and fixing with screws ( 4 ), in such a manner that no interval exists;   2) sticking a polishing film ( 3 ) on an arc-portion at a bottom of a cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) with a binding agent, and trimming a curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) after the binding agent is solidified;   3) during trimming, installing a polishing device ( 100 ) on a work piece shaft of a numerical-controlled device, and installing a trimming grinding wheel ( 5 ) on a tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; trimming the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) by point-contacting, in such a manner that the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) is identical, and is same with a curvature radius of the spherical or the planar optical element in value and opposite in direction; and   4) during utilization, installing the polishing device ( 100 ) on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device, and installing an unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; during polishing, firstly inputting surface forming parameters of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) and size parameters of the polishing device ( 100 ) into a processing software, and generating a numerical-controlling file, so as to precisely position the polishing device ( 100 ) and the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) by the numerical-controlled device, in such a manner that a curvature center of the polishing film ( 3 ) coincides with a curvature center of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) at any processing position; a surface of the polishing device ( 100 ) forms ring-surface-contact with a surface of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) for polishing.   
     
     
         5 . The surface-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 4 , wherein during utilization, the polishing device ( 100 ) is installed on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the polishing device ( 100 ) rotates around an axis of the tool shaft and swings around a swinging center B of the tool shaft; the polishing device ( 100 ) is also movable along a horizontal direction; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is installed on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) rotates around an axis of the work piece shaft and is movable along a vertical direction; a moving speed of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) and a rotation speed of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) are controlled by the numerical-controlled device at each processing position;
 wherein a curvature radius of the bottom, which is arc-shaped, of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) is r 1 ; before utilization, the polishing film ( 3 ) stuck on the arc portion of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) is trimmed, in such a manner that a surface section curve thereof is a precise arc with a curvature radius of r 2 ; a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h.   
     
     
         6 . A polishing device for optical elements, comprising: a tool shank ( 1 ), and a polishing disc base; wherein the tool shank ( 1 ) is connected to the polishing disc base and is mounted on a tool shaft of a numerical-controlled processing device; wherein a polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on the polishing disc base; the polishing disc base is a profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) or a cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ); a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is extruded from a bottom of the tool shank ( 1 ), for cooperating with a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at a top of the polishing disc base, wherein when the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base are connected and fixed, the polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is pressed into the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) without interval. 
     
     
         7 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 6 , wherein threaded fittings are provided on both the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base, the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base are fixed by screws ( 4 ); the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) is a solid of revolution, a generating curve thereof is an arc with a curvature radius of r 1 ; the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) is provided at an end of the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) for installing the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) on the tool shank ( 1 ); before utilization, the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on a revolution surface of the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ), and a generating curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) is precisely trimmed for being an arc with an curvature radius of r 2 ; a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h; or the polishing disc base is a cylinder, a first end thereof is arc-shaped with a curvature radius of r 3 , and the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) is provided at a second end thereof for installing the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) on the tool shank ( 1 ); before utilization, the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on an arc portion at a bottom of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ); and a section curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) is precisely trimmed for being an accurate arc with an curvature radius of r 4 ; the height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 4 =r 3 +h. 
     
     
         8 . A line-contacted polishing method for spherical and planar optical elements, comprising steps of:
 1) pressing a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) into a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ), and fixing with screws ( 4 ), in such a manner that no interval exists therebetween;   2) sticking a polishing film ( 3 ) on a bottom of a polishing disc base with a binding agent, and trimming a curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) after the binding agent is solidified;   3) during trimming, installing a polishing device ( 100 ) on a work piece shaft of a numerical-controlled device, and installing a trimming grinding wheel ( 5 ) on a tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; trimming the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) by point-contacting, in such a manner that the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) is identical; and   4) during utilization, installing the polishing device ( 100 ) on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device, and installing an unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; during polishing, firstly inputting surface forming parameters of an aspheric surface of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) and size parameters of the polishing device ( 100 ) into a processing software, and generating a numerical-controlling file, so as to control the polishing device ( 100 ) and the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) by the numerical-controlled device, in such a manner that the polishing device ( 100 ) line-contacts with the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) at any processing position; wherein during polishing, a contacting trace of a profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) and the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is a portion of a meridian section curve of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ), which belongs to profiling processing; a contacting trace of a cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) and the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is a envelope circle, which belongs to generating processing.   
     
     
         9 . The line-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 8 , wherein during utilization, the polishing device ( 100 ) is installed on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the polishing device ( 100 ) rotates around an axis of the tool shaft and swings around a swinging center B of the tool shaft; the polishing device ( 100 ) is also movable along a horizontal direction; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is installed on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) rotates around an axis of the work piece shaft and is movable along a vertical direction; a moving speed of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) and a rotation speed of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) are controlled by the numerical-controlled device at each processing position. 
     
     
         10 . The line-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 8 , wherein the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on a revolution surface of the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ), and a sticking height ensures that the polishing film ( 3 ) is fixedly stuck and covers the whole revolution surface; or the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on a bottom, which is arc-shaped, of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ). 
     
     
         11 . The line-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 8 , wherein the profiling polishing disc base ( 7 ) is a solid of revolution, a generating curve thereof is an arc with a curvature radius of r 1 ; a generating curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being precisely trimmed is an arc with an curvature radius of r 2 ; and a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h; or the polishing disc base is a cylinder, a first end thereof is arc-shaped with a curvature radius of r 3 , a section curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being precisely trimmed is an accurate arc with an curvature radius of r 4 ; and the height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 4 =r 3 +h. 
     
     
         12 . A polishing device for optical elements, comprising: a tool shank ( 1 ), and a polishing disc base; wherein the tool shank ( 1 ) is connected to the polishing disc base and is mounted on a tool shaft of a numerical-controlled processing device; wherein a polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on the polishing disc base; the polishing disc base is a bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ) or a spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ). 
     
     
         13 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 12 , wherein a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is extruded from a bottom of the tool shank ( 1 ), for cooperating with a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at a top of the polishing disc base, wherein when the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base are connected and fixed, the polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) is pressed into the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) without interval. 
     
     
         14 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 12 , wherein threaded fittings are provided on both the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base, the tool shank ( 1 ) and the polishing disc base are fixed by screws ( 4 ). 
     
     
         15 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the polishing disc base is the bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ) which is cylinder-shaped, and a bottom thereof is arc-shaped; the bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ) comprises the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at the top thereof; the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on an arc portion at the bottom of the bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ); wherein a curvature radius of the bottom of the bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ) is r 1 ; a surface section curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being trimmed is a precise arc with a curvature radius of r 2 ; a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h. 
     
     
         16 . The polishing device, as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the polishing disc base is the spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ) which is spherical-shaped or partly spherical-shaped; the spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ) comprises the polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ) hollowed at the top thereof; the polishing film ( 3 ) is stuck on a spherical surface; wherein a curvature radius of spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ) is r 3 ; a curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being trimmed is r 4 ; and a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 4 =r 3 +h. 
     
     
         17 . A point-contacted polishing method for aspheric optical elements, comprising steps of:
 1) pressing a polishing disc connecting rod ( 11 ) into a polishing disc fixing port ( 21 ), and fixing with screws ( 4 ), in such a manner that no interval exists;   2) sticking a polishing film ( 3 ) on an arc-portion at a bottom of a polishing disc base with binding agent, and trimming a curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) after the binding agent is solidified;   3) during trimming, installing a polishing device ( 100 ) on a work piece shaft of a numerical-controlled device, and installing a trimming grinding wheel ( 5 ) on a tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; trimming the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) by point-contacting, in such a manner that the curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) is identical; and   4) during utilization, installing the polishing device ( 100 ) on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device, and installing an unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; during polishing, firstly inputting surface forming parameters of an aspheric surface of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) and size parameters of the polishing device ( 100 ) into a processing software, and generating a numerical-controlling file, so as to control the polishing device ( 100 ) and the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) by the numerical-controlled device, in such a manner that the polishing device ( 100 ) contacts with the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) at a P point of any processing position; wherein the P point coincides with an aspheric meridian section curve relative to a moving trace of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ).   
     
     
         18 . The point-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 17 , wherein if the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is convex and is to be externally polished, trimming an external arc ( 31 ) of the polishing film ( 3 ); if the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is convex and is to be internally polished, trimming an internal arc ( 32 ) of the polishing film ( 3 ); if the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is concave, trimming the external arc ( 31 ) of the polishing film ( 3 ), or trimming the external arc ( 31 ) and the internal arc ( 32 ) of the polishing film ( 3 ). 
     
     
         19 . The point-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 17 , wherein during utilization, the polishing device ( 100 ) is installed on the tool shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the polishing device ( 100 ) rotates around an axis of the tool shaft and swings around a swinging center B of the tool shaft; the polishing device ( 100 ) is also movable along a horizontal direction; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) is installed on the work piece shaft of the numerical-controlled device; the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) rotates around an axis of the work piece shaft and is movable along a vertical direction; a moving speed of the cylinder polishing disc base ( 2 ) and a rotation speed of the unprocessed work piece ( 6 ) are controlled by the numerical-controlled device at each processing position. 
     
     
         20 . The point-contacted polishing method, as recited in  claim 17 , wherein a curvature radius of the bottom of the bowl-like polishing disc base ( 12 ) is r 1 ; a surface section curve of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being trimmed is a precise arc with a curvature radius of r 2 ; a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 2 =r 1 +h; wherein a curvature radius of spherical polishing disc base ( 8 ) is r 3 ; a curvature radius of the polishing film ( 3 ) after being trimmed is r 4 ; and a height of the polishing film ( 3 ) is h, which satisfies r 4 =r 3 +h.