Pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity

Abstract

The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity is made in such a manner that the pressure chamber ( 1 ) has an external cooling jacket ( 2 ) and the vacuum valve ( 19 ), while inside of the pressure chamber ( 1 ), that is, preferably, made in a shape of a seamless tube, a removable, replaceable, demountable crystallizer ( 4 ) is attached to one cover ( 3 ), while to the second cover ( 5 ) the melting furnace ( 6 ) with an internal removable crucible ( 7 ) is attached and further the heater ( 16 ) in a form of a heating element encapsulated with an insulation ( 17 ) having the form of ceramic beads is provided between the inner housing of the melting furnace ( 6 ) and the crucible ( 7 ), the drain hole ( 8 ) of which is directed in the direction of the inlet filling hole ( 9 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ), and wherein the intermediate element ( 10 ), preferably in the form of a conical funnel, is fastened between the melting furnace ( 5 ) and the crystallizer ( 4 ), wherein the pressure chamber ( 1 ) is mounted in a supporting frame ( 11 ) in a manner allowing its rotation around its transverse axis passing through its centre of the symmetry. The crystallizer ( 4 ) is constructed in such a way that its base ( 12 ) is made of a material with a high thermal conductivity, and the side walls ( 13 ) are made of insulating material or in such a manner that the base ( 12 ) is made of an insulating material, while its side walls ( 13 ) are made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and the base ( 12 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ) is in direct contact with the cover ( 3 ) or the additional insulating material ( 15 ) is arranged between the cover ( 3 ) and the base ( 12 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ). Thermocouples are arranged in the melting furnace ( 6 ) and in the crystallizer ( 4 ).

1 . The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity, consisting of a pressure chamber provided with a gas inlet valve and covers detachably connected to it, characterized in that, the pressure chamber ( 1 ) connected to the vacuum installation ( 19 ) has an external cooling jacket ( 2 ), wherein inside of the pressure chamber ( 1 ) that is, preferably, made in a shape of a seamless tube, further a retractable, removable, demountable crystallizer ( 4 ) is attached to one of its cover ( 3 ), while to the second cover ( 5 ) the retractable melting furnace ( 6 ) with an internal removable crucible ( 7 ) is attached and further, the heater ( 16 ) in a form of a heating element encapsulated with an insulation ( 17 ) in a form of ceramic beads is provided between the inner housing of the melting furnace ( 6 ) and the crucible ( 7 ), wherein the drain hole ( 8 ) of the crucible ( 7 ) is directed in the direction of the inlet filling hole ( 9 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ), and wherein the intermediate element ( 10 ), preferably, in the form of a conical funnel is fastened between the melting furnace ( 5 ) and the crystallizer ( 4 ), wherein the pressure chamber ( 1 ) is rotatably mounted in a supporting frame ( 11 ) in a manner allowing its rotation around the transverse axis passing through its centre of the symmetry. 
     
     
         2 . The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the crystallizer ( 4 ) is constructed in such a manner that the base ( 12 ) thereof is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and the side walls ( 13 ) thereof are made of insulating material or in such a manner that the base ( 12 ) thereof is made of an insulating material and the side walls ( 13 ) thereof are made of a material having high thermal conductivity. 
     
     
         3 . The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the base ( 12 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ) is in direct contact with the cover ( 3 ) or between the cover ( 3 ) and the base ( 12 ) of the crystallizer ( 4 ) an additional insulating material ( 15 ) is arranged. 
     
     
         4 . The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the thermocouples ( 14 ) and ( 18 ) are arranged in the melting furnace ( 6 ) and in the crystallizer ( 4 ).