Polymers, substrates, methods for making such, and devices comprising the same

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to substrates for making polymers and methods for making polymers. The present invention also relates generally to polymers and devices comprising the same.

1 . A method of preparing an organic polymer, comprising:
 polymerizing a multifunctional synthetic organic substrate with an oxidase or an oxidizing agent to form said organic polymer,   wherein said multifunctional synthetic organic substrate comprises at least two reactive moieties and at least one of said at least two reactive moieties comprises a 6-hydroxyindole, a 5-hydroxyindole, or a 5,6-dihydroxyindole.   
     
     
         2 .- 3 . (canceled) 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein one of said at least two reactive moieties comprises a 6-hydroxyindole, a 5-hydroxyindole, or a 5,6-dihydroxyindole and the other of at least one of said at least two reactive moieties comprises a moiety selected from the group consisting of an indole, a pyrrole, a catechol, a tyrosyl, a catecholamine, and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of said at least two reactive moieties comprises at least two reactive sites. 
     
     
         6 .- 8 . (canceled) 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said at least two reactive moieties are joined by a linker. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein said linker is conjugated. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein said linker is conjugated after said polymerizing step. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said at least two reactive moieties are different. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said multifunctional synthetic organic substrate comprises at least three reactive moieties. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising co-polymerizing a natural organic substrate and said multifunctional synthetic organic substrate with said oxidase or oxidizing agent. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said multifunctional synthetic organic substrate is aromatic. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said multifunctional synthetic organic substrate comprises a metal. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said oxidase is selected from the group consisting of a phenol oxidase, a polyphenol oxidase, a catechol oxidase, a tyrosinase, a laccase, and any combination thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising reacting said organic polymer with an oxidizing agent. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein said reacting step further comprises co-reacting an organic substrate with said organic polymer and said oxidizing agent. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein said organic substrate is a multifunctional organic substrate. 
     
     
         21 . An electrochemical device comprising: a working electrode; a counter electrode; and said organic polymer of  claim 1 , wherein said working electrode is in operative communication with said counter electrode, and said polymer is in operative communication with said working electrode or said counter electrode. 
     
     
         22 . The electrochemical device of  claim 21 , wherein said polymer is disposed on a least a portion of the working electrode. 
     
     
         23 .- 49 . (canceled)