Ambient energy thermodynamic engine

Abstract

The thermodynamics of an engine require that there be a source of energy (usually in the form of heat) from which energy is taken, processed to convert this heat energy into useful torque (energy) on an output shaft, and the energy returned to a lower temperature sink. The amount of useful energy that a thermodynamic engine can transfer to the process fluid from the heat source is some proportion of the difference in the energy available between the source and sink, and the efficiency of converting the process fluid energy into useful output shaft torque. This renewable energy source thermodynamic engine manipulates the process fluid temperature to lower it below ambient temperature to use ambient heat as the source, then processes the fluid to elevate the fluid above ambient temperature to us the ambient as the sink.

1 . A closed cycle thermodynamic process comprising:
 a process fluid consisting of a fluid component and a solid component wherein;   a endothermic reaction of the solid component going into a solution lowers the process fluid temperature below an ambient temperature;   the process fluid is then pressurized, and passed through a heat exchanger to create a pressurized heat mixture;   ambient energy heat is added to the process fluid causing the process fluid to at least partially vaporize;   an exothermic reaction of the solid component coming out of the solution raises the process fluid temperature above ambient where the pressurized heated mixture of the vapor and the solid component is passed through a gas expander to recovery thermodynamic energy, and   a kinetic energy of the solid component provides work energy on an output shaft connected to the gas expander, with the vapor liquefying as the liquefied vapors temperature and pressure are reduced by the work energy extracted via the gas expander, thereby the solid components go back into the solution.   
     
     
         2 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the fluid component consists of at least two fluids. 
     
     
         3 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 2  wherein the at least two fluids are selected from a group consisting of water, ammonia, hydrocarbon fluid, fluorocarbon fluid, chlorofluorocarbon fluid, chlorocarbon, nitrogen based liquids, carbon based liquids and alcohol. 
     
     
         4 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the solid component consist of at least two solids. 
     
     
         5 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 4  wherein the at least two solids are selected from a group consisting of solids soluble in water, solids soluble in ammonia, solids soluble in hydrocarbon fluid, solids soluble in fluorocarbon fluid, solids soluble in chlorofluorocarbon fluid, solids soluble in chlorocarbon, solids soluble in nitrogen based liquids, solids soluble in carbon based liquids and solids soluble in alcohol. 
     
     
         6 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process operates and produces work when a source and a sink are at the same temperature. 
     
     
         7 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process improves the efficiency when a source and a sink are at different temperatures. 
     
     
         8 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process uses a turbine or centrifugal motor to extract the work energy from the process fluid. 
     
     
         9 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process acts as an air conditioner while operating and producing work energy. 
     
     
         10 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process acts as a refrigerator while operating and producing work energy. 
     
     
         11 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 1  wherein the closed cycle thermodynamic process wherein the heat source consists of a plurality of heat sources. 
     
     
         12 . The closed cycle thermodynamic process of  claim 11  wherein the plurality of heat sources is selected from a group consisting of at least one of ambient air, heated air, cooled air, water, heated water, cooled water, solar, nuclear, industrial process fluids, commercial process fluids, exhaust gasses and exhaust liquids.