High Pressure Downhole Pump Assembly

Abstract

A downhole bore hole reciprocating pump apparatus and assembly which provides both a high pressure drilling fluid and a low pressure drilling fluid to the preceding drill bit or preceding downhole equipment or only a high pressure drilling fluid to the preceding drill bit or preceding downhole equipment for an expedient and more efficient removal of the material or rock formation being drilled while providing sufficient fluid volume to remove cuttings from the bore hole and cooling and lubricating of the downhole equipment.

I claim: 
     
         1 . A downhole reciprocating pump apparatus and assembly to increase the pressure of all or a portion of the drilling fluid delivered to the leading drill bit or downhole equipment comprising:
 (a) a pump with a large piston bore which runs through the center of and longitudinally through the substantial length of said pump wherein a large piston is located and able to reciprocate through said large piston bore, and   (b) wherein threadedly, welded or otherwise attached to the top and bottom of said large piston are opposing long small diameter pistons which are positioned inside long small diameter piston bores that extend from the end of the large piston bore to an end point near the pump body distal ends, and   (c) wherein numerous small diameter low pressure fluid bores are located outside the perimeter of said large piston bore and run the longitudinal length of said pump which allows low pressure fluid to enter the said long small piston bores and large piston bore and allows a portion of the low pressure fluid to advance to the leading drill bit or preceding other downhole equipment, and   (d) wherein numerous small diameter high pressure fluid bores are located axially outside the perimeter of said large piston bore and in an alternating position to said longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and run the longitudinal length of said pump which said high pressure fluid bores are plugged at their top end to only allow high pressure fluid to advance to the leading drill bit or preceding other downhole equipment and not into the upper drill string, and   (e) wherein numerous low pressure lateral bores are located near the top and bottom of said pump which intersect said longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and long small diameter piston bores which allows low pressure drilling fluid to enter said long small diameter piston bores, and   (f) wherein the low pressure lateral bores are valves which allow drilling fluid flow in only one direction into said long small diameter piston bores, and   (g) wherein numerous high pressure lateral bores are located near the top and bottom of the pump which intersect said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores and long small diameter piston bores and allow high pressure fluid to be discharged from said small piston bores into said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores, and   (h) wherein the high pressure lateral bores are valves which allow drilling fluid flow in only one direction into said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores, and   (i) wherein the large piston has one or more rod valve bores located near the outside edge of said large piston and which extend the length of said large piston wherein long rod valves of a cylindrical shape are inserted and although nearly the same diameter of said rod valve bores are slightly undersized to allow free movement through said rod valve bores, and   (j) wherein at the distal ends of said rod valves are an integral or threadedly, welded or otherwise attached rod valve end blocks of a cylindrical shape which mate with similarly positioned bore holes in the pump body at each end of the large piston bore, and   (k) wherein lateral low pressure inlet bores are located beyond the distal ends of the large piston bore which radially intersect the rod valve end block bores to the longitudinal low pressure fluid bores which allow drilling fluid to enter the large piston bore when the said rod valve end blocks are in an open position wherein when the large piston moves in one direction of its reciprocation one of the long small pistons retreats from its long small piston bore and the rod valve end blocks located at that end of the pump are in an open position to allow fluid entry into that end of the large piston bore while simultaneously at the opposite end, the rod valve end blocks are in a closed position which stops fluid entry into that end of the large piston bore until the large piston travels its full distance whereupon the rod valve end blocks are pushed into an alternate position whereby the fluid then enters the opposite end of the large piston bore and the large piston reverses direction and reciprocates, and   (l). wherein when all interior parts to said pump are placed in the pump the top section of the pump and the bottom section of the pump longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and longitudinal high pressure fluid bores are aligned and alignment pins are placed in alignment pin holes located at the bottom of the top section of the pump and the top of the bottom section of the pump whereupon the two portions of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other, and   
     
     
         2 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein a top flare sub is threadedly or otherwise attached to a drill string wherein its center bore for drilling fluid is widened or flared to a larger diameter at its bottom to allow for more area of fluid delivery to the pump attached below. 
     
     
         3 . In an apparatus according to  claim 2  wherein said top flare sub has alignment pins placed in alignment pin holes located at the bottom of said top flare sub and the top of the top section of the pump whereas said top flare sub and top section of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other. 
     
     
         4 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein a bottom high/low pressure sub is attached to the bottom of the pump wherein said sub has one or more perimeter high pressure bores at its top that angle toward and align into similar perimeter high pressure bores in the preceding bit or other downhole equipment and wherein said bottom high/low pressure sub has at its bottom one or more axially located perimeter low pressure slots that angle into a center bore which align with a low pressure bore in the center of a preceding bit or other downhole equipment. 
     
     
         5 . In an apparatus according to  claim 4  wherein the bottom high/low pressure sub has alignment pins placed in alignment pin holes located at the top of said bottom high/low pressure sub and the bottom of the bottom section of the pump whereas the bottom high/low pressure sub and bottom section of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other. 
     
     
         6 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein the valves located in the low pressure lateral bores and high pressure lateral bores are split disc check valves which have two independent half circle plate doors rotatable on a hinge pin which allows said doors to swing open when pressure is applied in one direction and allow fluid flow while if no fluid pressure or if fluid pressure is applied from the reverse direction said doors close and abut against the valve body with the assistance of a torsion spring on said hinge pin whereby the fluid cannot reverse direction. 
     
     
         7 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein said long small diameter pistons are hollow with an interior bore and perforated and have a valve located at their distal ends which said valves are closed when advancing and open when retreating which allows low pressure fluid to enter the small diameter pistons interior bore and the small diameter piston bore in the pump body when said small diameter pistons are retreating and alternately when advancing allow high pressure fluid to be discharged. 
     
     
         8 . In an apparatus according to  claim 7  wherein the valves are split disc check valves which have two independent half circle plate doors rotatable on a hinge pin which allows said doors to swing open when pressure is applied in one direction and allow fluid flow while if no fluid pressure or if fluid pressure is applied from the reverse direction said doors close and abut against the valve body with the assistance of a torsion spring on said hinge pin whereby the fluid cannot reverse direction. 
     
     
         9 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein rod valve shock compression springs are located on the rod valves between the rod valve end blocks and the large piston and moveable whereupon at the end of the large piston stroke the large piston pushes said rod valve shock compression springs and thereby the said rod valve end blocks into an open position which allows fluid to then enter that end of the large piston bore by way of intersection with said lateral low pressure inlet bores whereby the said rod valve shock compression springs absorb shock and minimize hammering of the rod valves and assist in the reversal of direction of the large piston and long small diameter pistons. 
     
     
         10 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein at the distal ends of the said rod valve end block bores in the pump body where the rod valve end blocks reside are rod valve end compression springs which absorb shock and minimize hammering of the rod valves from the end strokes of the reciprocation of said large piston, said rod valves and said rod valve end blocks and also assist in the reversal of direction of the said large piston, said rod valves and said rod valve end blocks. 
     
     
         11 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein said rod valve end blocks have one or more small bores through their length to allow some fluid to travel from one side of said rod valve end block to the other to allow trapped fluid between the end of the block and the end of the rod valve end block bore to move freely. 
     
     
         12 . In an apparatus according to  claim 1  wherein set screws in the exterior wall of the pump body where the lateral low pressure inlet bores are located can be adjusted or screwed in or out to divert or assist in the direction of fluid from the longitudinal low pressure fluid bores into the large piston bore. 
     
     
         13 . A downhole reciprocating pump apparatus and assembly to increase the pressure of all of the drilling fluid delivered to the leading drill bit or downhole equipment comprising:
 (a) a pump with a large piston bore which runs through the center of and longitudinally through the substantial length of said pump wherein a large piston is located and able to reciprocate through said large piston bore, and   (b) wherein threadedly, welded or otherwise attached to the top and bottom of said large piston are opposing long small diameter pistons which are positioned inside long small diameter piston bores that extend from the end of the large piston bore to an end point near the pump body distal ends, and   (c) wherein numerous small diameter low pressure fluid bores are located outside the perimeter of said large piston bore and run the longitudinal length of said pump which allows low pressure fluid to enter the said long small piston bores and large piston bore, which said low pressure fluid bores are plugged at their bottom end to not allow low pressure fluid to advance to the leading drill bit or preceding other downhole equipment, and   (d) wherein numerous small diameter high pressure fluid bores are located axially outside the perimeter of said large piston bore and in an alternating position to said longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and run the longitudinal length of said pump which said high pressure fluid bores are plugged at their top end to only allow high pressure fluid to advance to the leading drill bit or preceding other downhole equipment and not into the upper drill string, and   (e) wherein numerous low pressure lateral bores are located near the top and bottom of said pump which intersect said longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and long small diameter piston bores which allows low pressure drilling fluid to enter said long small diameter piston bores, and   (f) wherein the low pressure lateral bores are valves which allow drilling fluid flow in only one direction into said long small diameter piston bores, and   (g) wherein numerous high pressure lateral bores are located near the top and bottom of the pump which intersect said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores and long small diameter piston bores and allow high pressure fluid to be discharged from said small piston bores into said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores, and   (h) wherein the high pressure lateral bores are valves which allow drilling fluid flow in only one direction into said longitudinal high pressure fluid bores, and   (i) wherein the large piston has one or more rod valve bores located near the outside edge of said large piston and which extend the length of said large piston wherein long rod valves of a cylindrical shape are inserted and although nearly the same diameter of said rod valve bores are slightly undersized to allow free movement through said rod valve bores, and   (j) wherein at the distal ends of said rod valves are an integral or threadedly, welded or otherwise attached rod valve end blocks of a cylindrical shape which mate with similarly positioned bore holes in the pump body at each end of the large piston bore, and   (k) wherein lateral low pressure inlet bores are located beyond the distal ends of the large piston bore which radially intersect the rod valve end block bores to the longitudinal low pressure fluid bores which allow drilling fluid to enter the large piston bore when the said rod valve end blocks are in an open position wherein when the large piston moves in one direction of its reciprocation one of the long small pistons retreats from its long small piston bore and the rod valve end blocks located at that end of the pump are in an open position to allow fluid entry into that end of the large piston bore while simultaneously at the opposite end, the rod valve end blocks are in a closed position which stops fluid entry into that end of the large piston bore until the large piston travels its full distance whereupon the rod valve end blocks are pushed into an alternate position whereby the fluid then enters the opposite end of the large piston bore and the large piston reverses direction and reciprocates, and   (l). wherein when all interior parts to said pump are placed in the pump the top section of the pump and the bottom section of the pump longitudinal low pressure fluid bores and longitudinal high pressure fluid bores are aligned and alignment pins are placed in alignment pin holes located at the bottom of the top section of the pump and the top of the bottom section of the pump whereupon the two portions of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other, and   
     
     
         14 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein a top flare sub is threadedly or otherwise attached to a drill string wherein its center bore for drilling fluid is widened or flared to a larger diameter at its bottom to allow for more area of fluid delivery to the pump attached below. 
     
     
         15 . In an apparatus according to  claim 14  wherein said top flare sub has alignment pins placed in alignment pin holes located at the bottom of said top flare sub and the top of the top section of the pump whereas said top flare sub and top section of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other. 
     
     
         16 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein a bottom high pressure sub is attached to the bottom of the pump wherein said sub has one or more perimeter high pressure bores at its top that angle toward and align into similar perimeter high pressure bores in the preceding bit or other downhole equipment. 
     
     
         17 . In an apparatus according to  claim 16  wherein the bottom high pressure sub has alignment pins placed in alignment pin holes located at the top of said bottom high/low pressure sub and the bottom of the bottom section of the pump whereas the bottom high pressure sub and bottom section of the pump can be welded together or otherwise attached to each other. 
     
     
         18 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein the valves located in the low pressure lateral bores and high pressure lateral bores are split disc check valves which have two independent half circle plate doors rotatable on a hinge pin which allows said doors to swing open when pressure is applied in one direction and allow fluid flow while if no fluid pressure or if fluid pressure is applied from the reverse direction said doors close and abut against the valve body with the assistance of a torsion spring on said hinge pin whereby the fluid cannot reverse direction. 
     
     
         19 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein said long small diameter pistons are hollow with an interior bore and perforated and have a valve located at their distal ends which said valves are closed when advancing and open when retreating which allows low pressure fluid to enter the small diameter pistons interior bore and the small diameter piston bore in the pump body when said small diameter pistons are retreating and alternately when advancing allow high pressure fluid to be discharged. 
     
     
         20 . In an apparatus according to  claim 19  wherein the valves are split disc check valves which have two independent half circle plate doors rotatable on a hinge pin which allows said doors to swing open when pressure is applied in one direction and allow fluid flow while if no fluid pressure or if fluid pressure is applied from the reverse direction said doors close and abut against the valve body with the assistance of a torsion spring on said hinge pin whereby the fluid cannot reverse direction. 
     
     
         21 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein rod valve shock compression springs are located on the rod valves between the rod valve end blocks and the large piston and moveable whereupon at the end of the large piston stroke the large piston pushes said rod valve shock compression springs and thereby the said rod valve end blocks into an open position which allows fluid to then enter that end of the large piston bore by way of intersection with said lateral low pressure inlet bores whereby the said rod valve shock compression springs absorb shock and minimize hammering of the rod valves and assist in the reversal of direction of the large piston and long small diameter pistons. 
     
     
         22 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein at the distal ends of the said rod valve end block bores in the pump body where the rod valve end blocks reside are rod valve end compression springs which absorb shock and minimize hammering of the rod valves from the end strokes of the reciprocation of said large piston, said rod valves and said rod valve end blocks and also assist in the reversal of direction of the said large piston, said rod valves and said rod valve end blocks. 
     
     
         23 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein said rod valve end blocks have one or more small bores through their length to allow some fluid to travel from one side of said rod valve end block to the other to allow trapped fluid between the end of the block and the end of the rod valve end block bore to move freely. 
     
     
         24 . In an apparatus according to  claim 13  wherein set screws in the exterior wall of the pump body where the lateral low pressure inlet bores are located can be adjusted or screwed in or out to divert or assist in the direction of fluid from the longitudinal low pressure fluid bores into the large piston bore.