Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control

Abstract

Loop heat pipe apparatus ( 1 ) for heat transfer and thermal control, using a two-phase fluid as a working media and comprising: at least one evaporator ( 2 ) to be connected with a heat source and comprising a thermal stabilization-compensation chamber ( 10 ) attached to the at least one evaporator ( 2 ) and a secondary capillary pump ( 40 ) located inside the thermal stabilization-compensation chamber ( 10 ), at least one condenser ( 27 ) to be connected with a heat sink, liquid lines ( 24 ) and vapour lines ( 28 ) connecting the at least one evaporator ( 2 ) and the at least one condenser ( 27 ), and a remote compensation chamber ( 20 ), wherein the thermal stabilization-compensation chamber ( 10 ) comprises a two-phase reservoir ( 5 ) and a liquid accumulator reservoir ( 6 ) separated by a heat exchange surface ( 15 ), such that the remote compensation chamber ( 20 ) is hydraulically connected with the two-phase reservoir ( 5 ) and the liquid accumulator reservoir ( 6 ).

1 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, using a two-phase fluid as a working media and comprising:
 at least one evaporator to be connected with a heat source and comprising a thermal stabilization-compensation chamber attached to said at least one evaporator and a secondary capillary pump located inside said thermal stabilization-compensation chamber,   at least one condenser to be connected with a heat sink,   liquid lines and vapour lines connecting said at least one evaporator and said at least one condenser, and   a remote compensation chamber,   
       wherein said thermal stabilization-compensation chamber comprises a two-phase reservoir and a liquid accumulator reservoir separated by a heat exchange surface, such that said remote compensation chamber is hydraulically connected with said two-phase reservoir and said liquid accumulator reservoir. 
     
     
         2 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , further comprising a primary capillary pump comprising outer vapour channels to collect and remove heat from a cooled device and inner vapour channels to collect and remove vapour produced by parasitic heat leak penetrating through said primary capillary pump. 
     
     
         3 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 2 , wherein said inner vapour channels are linked with said two-phase reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber where moved vapour generated due to parasitic heat leak is condensed on a dedicated heat exchange surface. 
     
     
         4 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , wherein said secondary capillary pump contains an inner liquid channel with a bayonet tube for liquid returned from said condenser and said remote compensation chamber. 
     
     
         5 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , wherein said remote compensation chamber has an internal capillary structure which separates a liquid return line from entire volume of said remote compensation chamber to prevent vapour flow/bubbles penetrating into said liquid return line and into said liquid accumulator reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber. 
     
     
         6 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 5 , wherein said remote compensation chamber is connected with said two-phase reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber by a two-phase line and with said liquid accumulator reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber directly by said liquid return line. 
     
     
         7 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 5 , wherein said remote compensation chamber is connected with said two-phase reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber by a two-phase line and with said liquid accumulator reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber by said liquid return line and a liquid transport line. 
     
     
         8 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 5 , wherein said remote compensation chamber is connected with said two-phase reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber by a two-phase line and with said liquid accumulator reservoir of said stabilization-compensation chamber by said liquid return line which has two functions, namely to transport liquid to a bayonet entrance of said evaporator from said condenser via a liquid transport line, and to return liquid from said remote compensation chamber. 
     
     
         9 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , further comprising several evaporators. 
     
     
         10 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , further comprising several condensers. 
     
     
         11 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 9 , comprising a capillary blocker in a liquid transport line in a liquid inlet of every evaporator. 
     
     
         12 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 10 , comprising a capillary blocker in a liquid outlet of every condenser. 
     
     
         13 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 1 , further comprising external auxiliary means for subcooling of liquid inside of liquid accumulator reservoirs of stabilization-compensation chambers. 
     
     
         14 . Loop heat pipe apparatus for heat transfer and thermal control, according to  claim 13 , wherein said external auxiliary means for subcooling of liquid inside of liquid accumulator reservoirs of stabilization-compensation chambers are cold bias links or thermal electric coolers.