Heat-resistant fabric

Abstract

Provided is a heat-resistant fabric made of a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, characterized in that the abrasion resistance of the heat-resistant fabric in accordance with the JIS L1096 8.19.1 A-1 method (universal type method (plane method), abrasion tester press load: 4.45 N (0.454 kf), paper: #600) is 200 rubs or more, the tear strength of the heat-resistant fabric in accordance with the JIS L1096 8.17.4 D method (pendulum method) is 20 N or more, and the retention of the abrasion resistance and the retention of the tear strength after 100 washes in accordance with JIS L0844 No. A-1 are each 90% or more relative to before washing. As a result, the provided heat-resistant fabric can be dyed to a color chosen from a wide range of color options and is capable of maintaining high mechanical characteristics over time/age even after repeated uses or washes, etc.

1 . A heat-resistant fabric comprising a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, characterized in that
 the abrasion resistance of the heat-resistant fabric in accordance with the JIS L1096 8.19.1 A-1 method (universal type method (plane method), abrasion tester press load: 4.45 N (0.454 kf), paper: #600) is 200 rubs or more,   the tear strength of the heat-resistant fabric in accordance with the JIS L1096 8.17.4 D method (pendulum method) is 20 N or more, and   the retention of the abrasion resistance and the retention of the tear strength after 100 washes in accordance with JIS L0844 No. A-1 are each 90% or more relative to before washing.   
     
     
         2 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber has a crystallinity of 15 to 27. 
     
     
         3 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the standard deviation of the single-fiber tensile strength of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is 0.60 or less. 
     
     
         4 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber has an average single-fiber tensile strength of 4.0 cN/dtex or less. 
     
     
         5 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber has an average single-fiber elongation of 35% or less. 
     
     
         6 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber has a single-fiber toughness of 130 or less. 
     
     
         7 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat-resistant fabric is dyed, and the color difference ΔE of the fabric before and after a light resistance test in accordance with JIS L0842 and the brightness L of the light resistance test fabric satisfy the following equation (1):
   Δ E≦ 0.46 L− 11.3  (1).
 
 
     
     
         8 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber contains an organic dye. 
     
     
         9 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat-resistant fabric contains at least one member selected from a cellulose fiber, a polyester fiber, an acrylic fiber, and a polyamide fiber in an amount of 2 to 50 mass % based on the mass of the heat-resistant fabric. 
     
     
         10 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 9 , wherein the cellulose fiber is rayon. 
     
     
         11 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 9 , wherein the cellulose fiber, polyester fiber, acrylic fiber, or polyamide fiber contains a flame retarder. 
     
     
         12 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the pilling resistance of the heat-resistant fabric in accordance with the JIS L1096 A method is Level 4 or higher. 
     
     
         13 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat-resistant fabric contains cellulose and is dyed with a fluorescent dye. 
     
     
         14 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide that forms the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is an aromatic polyamide obtained by copolymerizing, into an aromatic polyamide backbone having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (1), an aromatic diamine component or aromatic dicarboxylic acid halide component that is different from a main unit of the repeating structure as a third component so that the proportion of the third component is 1 to 10 mol % based on the total repeating structural units of the aromatic polyamide:
   —(NH-Ar1-NH—CO-Ar1-CO)  formula (1)
   wherein Ar1 is a divalent aromatic group having a linking group in a position other than the meta position or an axially parallel direction.   
     
     
         15 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 14 , wherein the third component is an aromatic diamine of formula (2) or (3) or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid halide of formula (4) or (5):
   H 2 N-Ar2-NH 2   formula (2)
     H 2 N-Ar2-Y-Ar2-NH 2   formula (3)
     XOC-Ar3-COX  formula (4)
     XOC-Ar3-Y-Ar3-COX  formula (5)
   wherein Ar2 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1, Ar3 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1, Y is at least one atom or functional group selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and an alkylene group, and X is a halogen atom.   
     
     
         16 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber has a residual solvent content of 0.1 mass % or less. 
     
     
         17 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat-resistant fabric contains at least one member selected from a para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, a polybenzobisoxazol fiber, and a wholly aromatic polyester fiber in an amount of 1 to 20 mass % based on the mass of the heat-resistant fabric. 
     
     
         18 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 17 , wherein the para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is a paraphenylene terephthalamide fiber or a co-paraphenylene/3,4′-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber. 
     
     
         19 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein a fiber that forms the heat-resistant fabric contains a UV absorber and/or UV reflector. 
     
     
         20 . The heat-resistant fabric according to  claim 1 , wherein the heat-resistant fabric has a UV absorber and/or UV reflector fixed to the surface thereof.