Building envelope and method for adjusting the temperature in a building

Abstract

Disclosed is a building envelope, in particular a building wall, floor, or roof, having at least two spaced-apart shells that enclose an intermediate space therebetween, the intermediate space being essentially empty except for weight-bearing and/or construction engineering elements or being filled in at least some sections with porous, open-cell material and being sealed from the exterior and interior of the building. The building envelope further includes fluid supplying and discharging of a fluid in a controlled manner into and out of the intermediate space, the fluid influencing heat transfer through the building envelope or causing heat to be conveyed into and out of the building envelope. The intermediate space is subdivided into building envelope sections with which separately controllable fluid supplying and discharging are associated in order to selectively control heat transfer for each section. The building envelope sections are separated from each other in a fluid-tight manner and/or the separately controllable fluid supplying and discharging is designed to selectively control heat conveyance for each section.

1 . A building envelope, in particular a building wall, floor, or roof of a building with at least two shells spaced apart from one another, which enclose an intermediate space sealed against the interior and exterior of the building, which intermediate space is essentially empty, with the exception of weight-bearing and/or building-technology elements, or is filled at least in sections with porous, open-celled material,
 and, with means for fluid supply and removal for controlled supply and removal of a fluid influencing heat transition through the building envelope or affecting heat transport into or out of the building envelope into or out of the intermediate space,   wherein the intermediate space is divided into building-envelope sections, which are associated with separately controllable means for fluid supply and removal for section-selective control of the respective heat transition and where the building-envelope sections are separated from one another in fluid-tight manner and/or the separately controllable means for fluid supply and removal are configured for the section-selective control of the heat transport.   
     
     
         2 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein sensor and/or input means for the acquisition or inputting of section-specific values of a state variable relevant to thermal engineering, in particular a measured or estimated outdoor temperature and/or sunlight intensity and/or a moisture content and/or desired indoor temperature in the respective section, are associated with the separate building envelope sections which are connected on the input side with control means of the means for fluid supply and removal. 
     
     
         3 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the means for fluid supply and removal feature gas or air pumps for the generation, as desired, of negative pressure, positive pressure, or normal pressure in the intermediate space of the respective section, and optionally feature a gas or air reservoir. 
     
     
         4 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the means for fluid supply and removal features liquid pumps and a liquid reservoir for the filling of the intermediate space of the section with a heat-conducting liquid or the draining thereof, as desired. 
     
     
         5 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein a piping-conduit system is provided in the intermediate space and/or in at least one of the shells through which can pass a heat-transporting liquid, which is sized to be section-specific and/or features section-specific means of flow-control for the control of the flow of the heat-transporting liquid. 
     
     
         6 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the different walls or roof sections and/or walls or floors of spaces with different functions, which are associated with different cardinal directions, are defined as building-envelope sections. 
     
     
         7 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the shells are supported against one another by a plurality of individual spacers which can be washed around by the fluid influencing heat transition and are optionally embedded in the porous, open-celled material. 
     
     
         8 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the means for fluid supply and removal feature fluid-permeable pipe sections, which are laid out for the passage through the pipe wall of fluid influencing heat transition or affecting heat transport. 
     
     
         9 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein in the intermediate space means of heat exchange are provided, which are associated with the means for fluid supply and removal, in particular attached to the fluid conduits. 
     
     
         10 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the intermediate space, which are connected with a heat collector to which the exterior-facing shell is connected and which end in the intermediate space. 
     
     
         11 . A building envelope according to  claim 10 , wherein at least one part of the heat pipes feature means for enlarging the surface area, in particular heat-conducting plates, ribs, a corrugated structure, or the like. 
     
     
         12 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein controllable sealing means are provided for sealing against the interior and exterior and optionally of discrete building-envelope sections. 
     
     
         13 . A building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein the controllable sealing means that are provided, change their volumes and/or their shape under the effect of heat, electromagnetic radiation, or chemicals or mechanical forces in a controlled manner. 
     
     
         14 . A process for management of the indoor temperature in a building, in particular with a building envelope according to  claim 1 , wherein heat transition of a building envelope is controlled or a controlled heat transport into or out of the building envelope is achieved, by a means for fluid supply and removal for the controlled supply and removal of a fluid into or out of the building envelope ( 28 ,  28 ′). 
     
     
         15 . A process according to  claim 14 , wherein the means for fluid supply and removal are operated under control, in response to acquired or input values of a state variable that is relevant to thermal engineering, in particular on the building envelopes, in particular a measured or estimated outdoor temperature and/or sunlight intensity and/or a moisture content and/or a desired preset indoor temperature. 
     
     
         16 . A structure with a fixed foundation and a building envelope according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         17 . A mobile building with a building envelope according to  claim 1 .