US2015280239A1PendingUtilityA1

Aqueous binder composition for lithium ion electrical storage devices

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Assignee: PPG IND OHIO INCPriority: Apr 1, 2014Filed: Apr 1, 2014Published: Oct 1, 2015
Est. expiryApr 1, 2034(~7.7 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Stuart D. HellringRandy E. DaughenbaughShanti SwarupEllor James Van Buskirk
H01M 4/131H01M 4/661H01M 4/623H01M 4/622C09J 133/06H01M 4/0404C09J 127/16H01M 4/625H01M 10/0525H01M 4/139H01M 4/136H01M 10/0566C08L 27/16C08L 2201/50C09J 133/12H01M 4/5825Y02E60/10
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Claims

Abstract

An electrode binder of a lithium ion secondary battery comprising: (a) a polyvinylidene binder dispersed in aqueous medium with (b) a (meth)acrylic polymer dispersant. The binder can be used in the assembly of electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . An electrode binder of a lithium ion secondary battery comprising:
 (a) a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer dispersed in aqueous medium with   (b) a (meth)acrylic polymer dispersant.   
     
     
         2 . The electrode binder of  claim 1  in which the (meth)acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of from −50 to +70° C. 
     
     
         3 . The electrode binder of  claim 1  in which the (meth)acrylic polymer is prepared from a mixture of monomers comprising one or more carboxylic acid-containing (meth)acrylic monomers and in which the carboxylic acid groups are at least partially neutralized with a base. 
     
     
         4 . The electrode binder of  claim 3  in which the mixture of monomers comprises a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer. 
     
     
         5 . The electrode binder of  claim 3  in which the base is an amine. 
     
     
         6 . The electrode binder of  claim 5  in which the amine is a volatile tertiary amine. 
     
     
         7 . The electrode binder of  claim 4  is self-crosslinking in that the mixture of monomers contains a monomer that contains reactive groups that are reactive with the carboxylic acid and/or the hydroxyl groups or are reactive with themselves. 
     
     
         8 . The electrode binder of  claim 7  in which the reactive groups comprise N-alkoxymethyl (meth)acrylamide groups and/or blocked isocyanate groups. 
     
     
         9 . The electrode binder of  claim 3  which additionally contains (c) a crosslinking agent reactive with carboxylic acid groups. 
     
     
         10 . The electrode binder of  claim 9  in which the crosslinking agent comprises aminoplast, polycarbodiimides and/or polyepoxides. 
     
     
         11 . The electrode binder of  claim 9  in which the polyvinylidene fluoride polymer is present in amounts of 50 to 98 percent by weight; the (meth)acrylic polymer is present in amounts of 2 to 50 percent by weight and the crosslinking agent is present in amounts of 2 to 50 percent by weight, the percentages by weight being based on resin solids. 
     
     
         12 . The electrode binder of  claim 11  which has a resin solids content of 30 to 80 percent by weight. 
     
     
         13 . An electrode slurry for a lithium ion secondary battery comprising:
 (a) an electrically active material capable of lithium intercalation/deintercalation,   (b) a binder comprising as separate components:
 (i) a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer dispersed in aqueous medium with 
 (ii) a (meth)acrylic polymer dispersant, 
   (c) a conductive agent, and   (d) a thickener.   
     
     
         14 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which (a) comprises LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiFePO 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li(NiMnCo)O 2 , Li(NiCoAl)O 2 , carbon-coated LiFePO 4 , and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which (a) is LiFePO 4 . 
     
     
         16 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which (c) comprises graphite, activated carbon, acetylene black, furnace black and graphene. 
     
     
         17 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  further comprising an organic solvent. 
     
     
         18 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which
 (a) is present in amounts of 45 to 95 percent by weight; 
 (b) is present in amounts of 2 to 20 percent by weight; 
 (c) is present in amounts of 2 to 20 percent by weight; and 
 (d) is present in amounts of 0.1 to 15 percent by weight; 
 
       the percentages by weight being based on total solids weight. 
     
     
         19 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which the (meth)acrylic polymer has a glass transition temperature of from −50 to +70° C. 
     
     
         20 . The electrode slurry of  claim 13  in which the (meth)acrylic polymer is prepared from a mixture of monomers comprising one or more carboxylic acid-containing (meth)acrylic monomers and in which the carboxylic acid groups are at least partially neutralized with a base. 
     
     
         21 . The electrode slurry of  claim 20  in which the mixture of monomers comprises a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer. 
     
     
         22 . The electrode slurry of  claim 20  in which the base is an amine. 
     
     
         23 . The electrode slurry of  claim 22  in which the amine is a volatile tertiary amine. 
     
     
         24 . The electrode slurry of  claim 21  in which the mixture of monomers is self-crosslinking in that the mixture contains a monomer that contains groups that are reactive with the carboxylic acid and/or the hydroxyl groups or with themselves. 
     
     
         25 . The electrode slurry of  claim 24  in which the reactive groups comprise N-alkoxymethyl amide groups and/or blocked isocyanate groups. 
     
     
         26 . The electrode slurry of  claim 20  which additionally contains (c) a crosslinking agent reactive with carboxylic acid groups. 
     
     
         27 . The electrode slurry of  claim 26  in which the crosslinking agent comprises aminoplast, polycarbodiimides and/or polyepoxides. 
     
     
         28 . The electrode slurry of  claim 26  in which the polyvinylidene fluoride polymer is present in amounts of 50 to 98 percent by weight; the (meth)acrylic polymer is present in amounts of 2 to 50 percent by weight and the crosslinking agent is present in amounts of 2 to 50 percent by weight, the percentages by weight being based on resin solids. 
     
     
         29 . The electrode slurry of  claim 28  which has a resin solids content of 30 to 80 percent by weight. 
     
     
         30 . An electrode comprising:
 (a) an electrical current collector;   (b) a cured film formed on the collector (a) comprising:
 (i) a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer, 
 (ii) a crosslinked (meth)acrylic polymer, 
 (iii) a conductive material, 
 (iv) an electrode active material capable of lithium intercalation/deintercalation, and 
 (v) a thickener. 
   
     
     
         31 . The electrode of  claim 30  in which (a) comprises copper or aluminum sheet or foil. 
     
     
         32 . The electrode of  claim 30  in which the crosslinked (meth)acrylic polymer is formed from reacting active hydrogen groups associated with the (meth)acrylic polymer and a crosslinking agent containing reactive groups that are reactive with the active hydrogen groups. 
     
     
         33 . The electrode of  claim 32  in which the active hydrogen groups comprise carboxylic acid groups. 
     
     
         34 . The electrode of  claim 32  in which the crosslinking agent contains a reactive group in the (meth)acrylic polymer or in the separately added crosslinking material that are reactive with the active hydrogen groups. 
     
     
         35 . The electrode of  claim 34  in which the reactive groups in the (meth)acrylic polymer comprise N-alkoxymethyl amide groups and/or blocked isocyanate groups. 
     
     
         36 . The electrode of  claim 32  in which the separately added material comprises aminoplast, polycarbodiimides and/or polyepoxides. 
     
     
         37 . The electrode of  claim 30  in which (iii) comprises graphite, activated carbon, acetylene black, furnace black and graphene. 
     
     
         38 . The electrode of  claim 30  in which (iv) comprises LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiFePO 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li(NiMnCo)O 2 , Li(NiCoAl)O 2 , carbon-coated LiFePO 4 , and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         39 . The electrode of  claim 30  in which
 (i) is present in amounts of 1 to 20 percent by weight; 
 (ii) is present in amounts of 0.1 to 10 percent by weight; 
 (iii) is present in amounts of 2 to 20 percent by weight; 
 (iv) is present in amounts of 45 to 95 percent by weight; and 
 (v) is present in amounts of 0.1 to 15 percent by weight, 
 
       the percentages by weight being based on total weight of the mixture. 
     
     
         40 . An electrical storage device comprising:
 (a) the electrode of  claim 30 ,   (b) a counter electrode, and   (c) an electrolyte.   
     
     
         41 . The electrical storage device of  claim 40  in which the electrolyte is a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent. 
     
     
         42 . The electrical storage device of  claim 41  in which the lithium salt is dissolved in an organic carbonate.

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