Nucleated cements and related methods

Abstract

Methods and a kit. A cement forming method includes nucleating an acidic metallophosphate reaction mixture with first particles, resulting in forming a settable metallophosphate cement from the acidic metallophosphate reaction mixture. The first particles include a first metal oxide. Each particle of the first particles independently have a particle size in a range from about 15 microns to about 450 microns. A method for applying cement includes seeding a solution with particles, resulting in forming a settable cement from the solution. The particles have a size in a range from about 15 microns to about 450 microns. The solution includes a first metal oxide reacting with phosphate. The settable cement is applied to a substrate. A cement application kit is also described.

1 . A method for applying cement, comprising:
 seeding a solution with particles, said particles having a size in a range from about 15 microns to about 450 microns, said solution comprising a first metal oxide reacting with phosphate, resulting in forming a settable cement from said solution; and   applying said settable cement to a substrate.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said solution of phosphate further comprises a third material selected from the group consisting of silica, wollastonite, silica fume, coesite, flyash, fiberglass, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, polymers, biological materials, plant material, nanoparticles, spider silk, Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a material selected from the group consisting of cement, concrete, glass, stone, animal bone, animal tooth material, animal tissue, metal, plant material, plastic, wood, ceramic, crystalline material, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise a material selected from ceramic, a second metal oxide, metallophosphate compounds, materials coated with one or more metallophosphate compounds, crystalline compounds having Mg or K in their chemical structure, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise a second metal oxide, said first metal oxide and said second metal oxide each independently selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxides, aluminum oxides, zinc oxides, iron oxides, barium oxides, calcium oxides, yttrium oxides, cerium oxides, titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, silicon oxides, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said solution of phosphate comprises an aqueous solution of a phosphate compound, said phosphate compound selected from the group consisting of monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, orthophosphoric acid, orthophosphate, polyphosphoric acids, polyphosphates, branched polyphosphates, phosphate esters, phosphite esters, branched polyphosphates, cyclophosphoric acids, metaphosphoric acids, cyclophosphates, metaphosphates, phosphoric anhydride, and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said first metal oxide is in a first amount less than a stoichiometric amount with respect to said phosphate. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said particles comprise a second metal oxide, a molar sum of said first metal oxide and said second metal oxide in a stoichiometric ratio of metal oxide with respect to said phosphate.