Methods and compositions for delayed release of chemicals and particles

Abstract

Agents, chemicals and particles may be controllably released at remote locations, such as pre-selected or predetermined portions of subterranean formations, by binding or associating or trapping them with an association of micelles formed by a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) in an aqueous base fluid to increase the viscosity of the fluid. An internal breaker within the association of micelles disturbs the association of micelles at some later, predictable or predetermined time thereby reducing the viscosity of the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid and releasing the agent, chemical or particle at a predetermined or selected location.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . An aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid comprising:
 an aqueous base fluid;   a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) gelling agent in an amount effective to form a VES gel that increases the viscosity of the aqueous viscoelastic surfactant treating fluid;   at least one internal breaker within the VES gel, where the internal breaker is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, fish oils, hydrogenated polyalphaolefin oils, transition metal ion sources, reducing agent sources, chelating agent sources, alkali metal sources, alkaline earth metal sources, saponified fatty acids, unsaturated or saturated fatty acids, and combinations thereof;   an agent within the VES gel, where the agent is selected from the group consisting of fluid loss control agents, bacteria, enzyme polymer breakers, oxidative polymer breakers, polymer breaker enhancers, microencapsulated chemicals, macroencapsulated chemicals, nanoencapsulated chemicals, scale inhibitors, gas hydrate inhibitors, stimulation chemicals, remedial cleanup agents, water-block removal agents, crosslinkers, polymers, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion dissolvers, pH modifiers, metal chelators, metal complexors, antioxidants, wetting agents, polymer stabilizers, clay stabilizers, scale dissolvers, wax inhibitors, wax dissolvers, asphaltene precipitation inhibitors, waterflow inhibitors, sand consolidation chemicals, permeability modifiers, foaming agents, microorganisms, nutrients for microorganisms, fine migration control agents, zeolites, clays, inorganic flakes, ceramics, cement, activated carbon, surfactants, paraffin inhibitors, oxygen scavengers, amines, pH buffers, friction reducers, clay inhibitors, production chemicals, diverting agents, diverting agents and salts thereof and combinations thereof; and   a component selected from the group consisting of a temperature stabilizer, a viscosity stabilizer, a viscosity enhancer, and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         2 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 1  where the aqueous base fluid is brine. 
     
     
         3 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 1  where a fluid loss control agent is present at a concentration effective to improve the fluid loss of the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid as compared with an identical fluid absent the fluid loss control agent, where the fluid loss control agent is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 3  where in the fluid loss control agent, the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and mixtures thereof, and the transition metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of aluminum, zirconium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, palladium, copper, zinc, tin, antimony, titanium and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 3  where the effective concentration of the fluid loss control agent ranges from about 2 to about 200 pptg (about 0.2 to about 24 kg/m 3 ) based on the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid. 
     
     
         6 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 1  where the agent is a solid and has a size ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 10 millimeters. 
     
     
         7 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 1  where the agent is a liquid. 
     
     
         8 . An aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid comprising:
 a brine base fluid;   a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) gelling agent in an amount effective to form a VES gel that increases the viscosity of the aqueous viscoelastic surfactant treating fluid;   at least one internal breaker within the VES gel, where the internal breaker is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, fish oils, hydrogenated polyalphaolefin oils, transition metal ion sources, reducing agent sources, chelating agent sources, alkali metal sources, alkaline earth metal sources, saponified fatty acids, unsaturated or saturated fatty acids, and combinations thereof;   an agent within the VES gel, where the agent is a solid and has a size ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 10 millimeters, and is selected from the group consisting of fluid loss control agents, enzyme polymer breakers, oxidative polymer breakers, polymer breaker enhancers, microencapsulated chemicals, macroencapsulated chemicals, nanoencapsulated chemicals, scale inhibitors, gas hydrate inhibitors, stimulation chemicals, remedial cleanup agents, water-block removal agents, crosslinkers, polymers, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion dissolvers, pH modifiers, metal chelators, metal complexors, antioxidants, wetting agents, polymer stabilizers, clay stabilizers, scale dissolvers, wax inhibitors, wax dissolvers, asphaltene precipitation inhibitors, waterflow inhibitors, sand consolidation chemicals, permeability modifiers, foaming agents, nutrients for microorganisms, fine migration control agents, zeolites, clays, inorganic flakes, ceramics, cement, activated carbon, surfactants, paraffin inhibitors, oxygen scavengers, amines, pH buffers, friction reducers, clay inhibitors, production chemicals, diverting agents, diverting agents and salts thereof and combinations thereof; and   a component selected from the group consisting of a temperature stabilizer, a viscosity stabilizer, a viscosity enhancer, and combinations thereof.   
     
     
         9 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 8  where the agent comprises a fluid loss control agent is present at a concentration effective to improve the fluid loss of the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid as compared with an identical fluid absent the fluid loss control agent, where the fluid loss control agent is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 8  where a fluid loss control agent is present at a concentration effective to improve the fluid loss of the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid as compared with an identical fluid absent the fluid loss control agent, where the fluid loss control agent is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 10  where in the fluid loss control agent, the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and mixtures thereof, and the transition metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of aluminum, zirconium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, palladium, copper, zinc, tin, antimony, titanium and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 10  where the effective concentration of the fluid loss control agent ranges from about 2 to about 200 pptg (about 0.2 to about 24 kg/m 3 ) based on the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid. 
     
     
         13 . An aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid comprising:
 a brine aqueous base fluid;   a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) gelling agent in an amount effective to form a VES gel that increases the viscosity of the aqueous viscoelastic surfactant treating fluid;   at least one internal breaker within the VES gel, where the internal breaker is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, fish oils, hydrogenated polyalphaolefin oils, transition metal ion sources, reducing agent sources, chelating agent sources, alkali metal sources, alkaline earth metal sources, saponified fatty acids, unsaturated or saturated fatty acids, and combinations thereof;   an agent within the VES gel, where the agent is selected from the group consisting of fluid loss control agents, bacteria, enzyme polymer breakers, oxidative polymer breakers, polymer breaker enhancers, microencapsulated chemicals, macroencapsulated chemicals, nanoencapsulated chemicals, scale inhibitors, gas hydrate inhibitors, stimulation chemicals, remedial cleanup agents, water-block removal agents, crosslinkers, polymers, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, corrosion dissolvers, pH modifiers, metal chelators, metal complexors, antioxidants, wetting agents, polymer stabilizers, clay stabilizers, scale dissolvers, wax inhibitors, wax dissolvers, asphaltene precipitation inhibitors, waterflow inhibitors, sand consolidation chemicals, permeability modifiers, foaming agents, microorganisms, nutrients for microorganisms, fine migration control agents, zeolites, clays, inorganic flakes, ceramics, cement, activated carbon, surfactants, paraffin inhibitors, oxygen scavengers, amines, pH buffers, friction reducers, clay inhibitors, production chemicals, diverting agents, diverting agents and salts thereof and combinations thereof;   a component selected from the group consisting of a temperature stabilizer, a viscosity stabilizer, a viscosity enhancer, and combinations thereof; and   a fluid loss control agent is present at a concentration effective to improve the fluid loss of the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid as compared with an identical fluid absent the fluid loss control agent, where the fluid loss control agent is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, and mixtures thereof.   
     
     
         14 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 13  where in the fluid loss control agent, the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and mixtures thereof, and the transition metal oxide or hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides or hydroxides of aluminum, zirconium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, palladium, copper, zinc, tin, antimony, titanium and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 13  where the effective concentration of the fluid loss control agent ranges from about 2 to about 200 pptg (about 0.2 to about 24 kg/m 3 ) based on the aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid. 
     
     
         16 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 13  where the agent is a solid and has a size ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 10 millimeters. 
     
     
         17 . The aqueous viscoelastic treating fluid of  claim 13  where the agent is a liquid.