Method for drilling holes in soil or rock material and for fixing an anchor in a borehole and apparatus therefor

Abstract

For drilling holes in soil or rock material and for fixing an anchor in a borehole, an expanding element fixed to a drill or anchor rod and a spreading element are introduced with the rod into the soil or rock material, the spreading element is expanded to butt against the wall of the borehole after completion thereof by the rod. The expanding element being retracted into the spreading element. The rod is secured by an anchor plate on an outer side of the borehole. After expansion of the spreading element, the rod is subjected to a rotary movement in the direction of the interior of the borehole until there is abutment with the interior of the borehole. The rod is fixed to the outside of the borehole by bracing the anchor plate by means of a nut.

1 . A method for drilling holes in soil or rock material and for fixing an anchor in a borehole, wherein an expanding element fixed to a drill or anchor rod and a spreading element to be expanded, in particular in the form of a sleeve, are introduced with the drill or anchor rod provided with a drill bit, into the soil or rock material at the same time as the borehole is being formed, in particular by rotary and percussive or rotary drilling, the spreading element is expanded to butt against the wall of the borehole after completion of the borehole by the drill or anchor rod and the expanding element arranged thereon being retracted into the interior of the spreading element, and the drill or anchor rod is secured at its end protruding from the borehole by an anchor plate on an outer side of the borehole, wherein, after the expansion of the spreading element, the drill or anchor rod is subjected to a rotary movement in the direction of the interior of the borehole until there is abutment with the interior of the borehole, and that the drill or anchor rod is fixed to the outside of the borehole by bracing the anchor plate by means of a nut formed as a locating element for an insertion device. 
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the drill or anchor rod is introduced into the interior of the borehole after the expansion of the spreading element by acting on a shear pin fixed to the drill or anchor rod or passing therethrough and protruding into a recess of the expanding element until it breaks. 
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the drill or anchor rod, which is designed as a threaded rod, is merely subjected to a rotary movement to act upon the shear pin. 
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the anchor plate is braced against the outside of the borehole by subjecting the nut fixed to the drill or anchor rod by means of an internal thread merely to a rotary movement. 
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein a borehole cover fitted to the anchor plate in the direction of the interior of the borehole for sealing the borehole against the outside is introduced into the borehole at the same time as the anchor plate is being braced. 
     
     
         6 . An apparatus for drilling holes in soil or rock material and for fixing an anchor in a borehole, including a drill bit fixed to a drill or anchor rod and an expanding element fixed to the drill or anchor rod and a spreading element, in particular in the form of a sleeve, which is arranged at a distance from the expanding element and at least partially surrounds the drill or anchor rod, said expanding element being expandable to butt against the wall of the borehole by the retraction of the drill or anchor rod, wherein an anchor plate is arranged on the drill or anchor rod, in the end region facing the outside of the borehole, wherein the drill or anchor rod is configured as a threaded rod capable of being subjected to a rotary movement after the expansion of the spreading element, said threaded rod cooperating with an internal thread of the expanding element, and that the drill or anchor rod interacts with an insertion device via a nut for bracing the anchor plate. 
     
     
         7 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein the expanding element is formed with at least one recess in its end region facing the interior of the borehole, which recess cooperates with at least one shear pin engaging said recess and protruding beyond the outer contour of the drill or anchor rod. 
     
     
         8 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein the thread of the expanding element extends over a portion of the length of the expanding element. 
     
     
         9 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein the spreading element is designed as a spring cage comprising a slot extending at least over a portion of its length. 
     
     
         10 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein the nut has an internal thread and an external thread. 
     
     
         11 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein a substantially frustoconical borehole cover abutting the anchor plate is arranged on the drill or anchor rod. 
     
     
         12 . The device according to  claim 6 , wherein, in a manner known per se, a stop sleeve crimped to the drill or anchor rod is provided on the drill or anchor rod for the spreading element. 
     
     
         13 . (canceled)