Wooden Construction Element And Wall Comprising Such Elements

Abstract

It is disclosed a timber building element for building-up a wall, which comprises: a body formed as a profile block having two lateral sides and also an upper connecting face, a lower connecting face and two end connecting faces; a longitudinal tongue ( 2, 4 ) on the upper or lower connecting face and one of the end connecting faces; and a longitudinal groove ( 3, 5 ) on another upper or lower connecting face and another end connecting face. The longitudinal tongue ( 2, 4 ) and the longitudinal groove ( 3, 5 ) are laying in one plane that is parallel to planes, which the lateral sides are laying in, and have forms and sizes corresponding one another. End connecting faces are inclined unidirectional and wave-like curved, wherein an uppermost portion of a wave-like curvature of the wave-like curvature is located higher than a lowermost portion of the wave-like curvature of this end connecting face, and forms and sizes of inclinations and the wave-like curvatures of the end connecting faces correspond one to another. Also, it is disclosed a wall built-up of the present timber building elements providing reliability and integrity of the wall as a whole.

1 . A timber building element for building-up a wall, which comprises:
 a body formed as a profile block having two lateral sides and also an upper connecting face, a lower connecting face and two end connecting faces;   at least one longitudinal tongue provided between the lateral sides on one of the upper and lower connecting faces and one of the end connecting faces;   at least one longitudinal groove provided between the lateral sides on another of the upper and lower connecting faces and another of the end connecting faces;   wherein the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove are laying in one plane that is parallel to planes, which the lateral sides are laying in, and a form and sizes of the longitudinal groove correspond to a form and sizes of the longitudinal tongue,   which is differing in that each of the end connecting faces is inclined and wave-like curved, wherein:   both of the end connecting faces are inclined unidirectional;   an uppermost portion of a wave-like curvature of the end connecting face is located higher than a lowermost portion of the wave-like curvature of this end connecting face; and   a form and sizes of an inclination and the wave-like curvature of one of the end connecting faces correspond to a form and sizes of an inclination and the wave-like curvature of another of the end connecting faces.   
     
     
         2 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that:
 an upper portion and a lower portion of the end connecting face are inclined, and   a middle portion of the end connecting face is wave-like curved.   
     
     
         3 . The element of  claim 2 , which is differing in that the end connecting face has a sinusoidal form. 
     
     
         4 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that:
 a length of the lower connecting face is more than a height of the timber building element which is measured between the upper and lower connecting faces, and   the height is more than a width of the timber building element which is measured between the lateral sides,   wherein the length of the lower connecting face is equal to a length of the upper connecting face.   
     
     
         5 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that the wave-like curvature forms at least one apex and one through. 
     
     
         6 . The element of  claim 5 , which is differing in that the apexes and the throughs of surfaces of the wave-like curvature are displaced down or up from a central longitudinal axis of the lateral side. 
     
     
         7 . The element of  claim 6 , which is differing in that a value of a displacement of the apex and the through from the central longitudinal axis of the lateral side is not more than 1/10 of a height of the timber building element which is measured between the upper and lower connecting faces. 
     
     
         8 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that an inclination angle of the end connecting face is 30-89° in relation to the horizontal. 
     
     
         9 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that the element comprises two or more the longitudinal tongues and a corresponding number of the longitudinal grooves which are arranged parallel with each other at regular intervals from one another. 
     
     
         10 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-section. 
     
     
         11 . The element of  claim 10 , which is differing in that the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove have a cross-section in a form of an isosceles trapezium or triangle. 
     
     
         12 . The element of  claim 10 , which is differing in that a slope angle of lateral sides of the triangular or trapezoidal cross-section is 20-70° in relation to the vertical. 
     
     
         13 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that one of the lateral sides is provided with a mortise for fixing secondary members of the wall. 
     
     
         14 . The element of  claim 1  which is differing in that the element is made of uniform timber dried by air-seasoning. 
     
     
         15 . The element of  claim 1 , which is differing in that the body, the longitudinal tongue and the longitudinal groove are formed integrally. 
     
     
         16 . A wall built-up of timber building elements having the same form and sizes, each of which is formed as a profile block and provided with a longitudinal groove on two adjacent connecting faces thereof and a longitudinal tongue on two another adjacent connecting faces thereof,
 wherein the timber building elements are laid tightly one close to another in a wall blockwork in such a manner, that the longitudinal tongue located on an upper connecting face of one of the timber building elements is fitted into the longitudinal groove located on a lower connecting face of an adjacent timber building element,   which is differing in that the wall is built-up of the timber building elements in accordance with  claim 1 .   
     
     
         17 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the wall further comprising a tightening device pressing the wall blockwork along the vertical. 
     
     
         18 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of one tier of the wall blockwork are displaced in relation to joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of another adjacent tier. 
     
     
         19 . The wall of  claim 18 , which is differing in that joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of one tier of the wall blockwork are displaced in relation to joints between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements of another adjacent tier by a displacement value that is not less than a length of the joint between the end connecting faces of the timber building elements which is measured along the horizontal, up to a half of a length of an upper or lower connecting face. 
     
     
         20 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the wall further comprising:
 a bearing timber bar laid tightly under a lower tier of the wall blockwork, and   a pressure timber bar laid tightly on an upper tier of the wall blockwork.   
     
     
         21 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the timber building elements are laid in the wall blockwork in two rows with forming an internal space therebetween,
 wherein inter-row spacers are installed between the rows of the wall blockwork.   
     
     
         22 . The wall of  claim 21 , which is differing in that the wall comprising at least several pairs of the timber building elements, each of which is provided with a mortise arranged in one of the lateral sides thereof,
 wherein each of the pairs of the timber building elements provided with the mortises are laid in different rows of the wall blockwork opposite one another with oppositely facing the mortises thereof, and   ends of each spacer of the inter-row spacers are inserted into the mortises of each of the pairs of the timber building elements provided with the mortises, respectively.   
     
     
         23 . The wall of  claim 22 , which is differing in that the ends of the spacer are inserted into the mortises of the pair of the timber building elements with possibility to move along the vertical. 
     
     
         24 . The wall of  claim 21 , which is differing in that the wall further comprising a tightening device including pulling ropes which are arranged vertically inside the internal space to press the wall blockwork along the vertical completely. 
     
     
         25 . The wall of  claim 24 , which is differing in that the tightening device further including:
 supporting fasteners, mounted in a base of the wall blockwork, and   clamp plates, supported on an upper tier of the wall blockwork,   wherein low ends of the pulling ropes are fastened to the supporting fasteners, and the upper ends of the pulling ropes are fastened to the clamp plates.   
     
     
         26 . The wall of  claim 21 , which is differing in that the internal space is filled in with a thermal-insulating material and/or a sound-insulating material. 
     
     
         27 . The wall of  claim 26 , which is differing in that the internal space is filled in with sawdust. 
     
     
         28 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the wall being provided with an opening. 
     
     
         29 . The wall of  claim 28 , which is differing in that the wall further comprising a discharging piece, spanned the opening and made of a squared timber having a cross-section matched with a cross-section of the timber building element,
 wherein at least one end face of the squared timber has a form and sizes corresponding to a form and sizes of the end connecting face of the timber building element.   
     
     
         30 . The wall of  claim 29 , which is differing in that another end face of the squared timber is perpendicular and provided with a longitudinal tongue of a dovetail type to form a corner joint with another wall or a partition. 
     
     
         31 . The wall of  claim 29 , which is differing in that both of the end faces of the squared timber have forms and sizes corresponding to forms and sizes of the end connecting faces of the timber building element. 
     
     
         32 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the wall being provided with a corner joint for joining with another wall or a partition. 
     
     
         33 . The wall of  claim 16 , which is differing in that the corner joint is formed as a dovetail mail joint.