Nodal Constructive System Of Rapid Assembly For Load Bearing Structures, Buildings And Artifacts Of Multi-Purpose Use

Abstract

A nodal system ( 30 ) for a load-bearing structure( 100 ), comprising connection sections ( 19,19 ′) of beams ( 10,10 ′), converging with each other towards a node ( 101 ) so as to form an interstitial space. The nodal system ( 30 ) also comprises a locking key ( 40 ) having an input configuration, wherein it is insertable in the interstitial space, and a locking configuration, rotated with respect to the input configuration, wherein it is suitable for making a mechanical connection between the connection sections ( 19,19 ′) of the beams ( 10,10 ′). The nodal system ( 30 ) also has retention means ( 18, 18′, 48, 108 ) for connecting the locking key ( 40 ) to, the connection sections ( 19,19 ′) of the beams ( 10,10 ′) so as to make them integral the one with the other.

1 . Nodal system ( 30 ) for a load-bearing structure ( 100 ), comprising:
 connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′), converging with each other towards a node ( 101 ) so as to form an interstitial space;   a locking key ( 40 ), with axis Z, having an input configuration, wherein said locking key ( 40 ) is insertable in said interstitial space, and a locking configuration, rotated around the axis Z with respect to the input configuration, wherein said locking key ( 40 ) is suitable for making a mechanical connection between said connection sections ( 19 ,  19 ′) of beams ( 10 ,  10 ′);   retention means ( 18 , 18 ′, 48 , 108 ) suitable for connecting said locking key ( 40 ) with said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) so as to make them integral the one with the other.   
     
     
         2 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 1 , wherein said locking key ( 40 ) comprises a central body ( 41 ) and wings ( 42 ), which project from the central body ( 41 ) and extend radially to it, and wherein said retention means ( 18 , 18 ′, 48 , 108 ) comprise holes ( 48 ) made on the wings ( 42 ). 
     
     
         3 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 1 , comprising four wings ( 42 ) angularly equidistant around the central body ( 41 ) and having a substantially trapezoidal shape. 
     
     
         4 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 2 , wherein, in the locking configuration, the wings ( 42 ) abut against a vertical wall ( 11 , 11 ′) of said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of the beams ( 10 , 10 ′) in such a way that the holes ( 48 ) of the wings ( 42 ) are aligned with the holes ( 18 , 18 ′) provided on said vertical wall ( 11 , 11 ′). 
     
     
         5 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 1 , further comprising at least one vertical locking element ( 22 , 33 , 50 ) having an aperture ( 51 ) provided with an abutment ( 52 ), and wherein said locking key ( 40 ) comprises a respective shape element ( 43 , 44 ) insertable, in the input configuration, in the aperture ( 51 ), and suitable for realising a shaped coupling which forms an axial constraint with said vertical locking element ( 22 , 30 , 50 ), in the locking configuration. 
     
     
         6 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 5 , wherein the walls delimiting said aperture ( 51 ) are suitable for permitting the entrance of said shape element ( 43 , 44 ), in input configuration, and the abutment ( 52 ) is suitable for forming an axial constraint to the extraction of said shape element ( 43 , 44 ), in the locking configuration, and/or wherein said shape element ( 43 , 44 ) is positioned at the axial extremity of the central body ( 41 ) and comprises edges ( 45 ) which project radially in relation to the central body ( 41 ). 
     
     
         7 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 5 , further comprising attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) suitable for mechanically connecting said at least one vertical locking element ( 22 , 23 , 50 ) to said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) so as to make them integral the one with the other, and wherein said attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) comprise holes ( 56 ) made on said at least one vertical locking element ( 22 , 23 , 50 ). 
     
     
         8 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claims 5 , wherein the nodal system ( 30 ) comprises at least one connection section ( 29 ) of a pillar ( 20 ), and wherein at least one vertical locking element ( 22 , 23 , 50 ) is all one piece with said pillar ( 20 ), and/or wherein at least one vertical locking element ( 22 , 23 , 50 ) is a plate ( 50 ). 
     
     
         9 . Nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 8 , further comprising:
 at least one connection section ( 29 ) of a pillar ( 20 ), and   attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) suitable for mechanically connecting said plate ( 50 ) to said connection sections ( 29 ) of a pillar ( 20 ) so as to make them integral the one with the other, wherein said attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) comprise holes ( 56 ) made on the plate ( 50 ).   
     
     
         10 . Load-bearing structure ( 100 ), comprising a plurality of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) and pillars ( 20 ), wherein the beam/beam and/or beam/pillar and/or pillar/pillar connection is made by means of a nodal system ( 30 ), according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         11 . Method of assembly of a nodal system ( 30 ) for a load-bearing structure ( 100 ), comprising the steps of:
 preparing connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′), a locking key ( 40 ) and retention means ( 18 , 18 ′, 48 , 108 ) between said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) and said locking key ( 40 );   positioning said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′), converging towards a node ( 101 ) so as to form an interstitial space;   inserting the locking key ( 40 ), in an input configuration, in said interstitial space;   rotating the locking key ( 40 ) to a locking configuration, rotated in relation to the input configuration;   fastening the locking key ( 40 ), in locking configuration, to said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) by means of said retention means ( 18 , 18 ′, 48 , 108 ) so as to make them integral the one with the other.   
     
     
         12 . Assembly method, according to  claim 11 , wherein said locking key ( 40 ) comprises a respective shape element ( 44 ) insertable, in the input configuration, in said aperture ( 51 ), and suitable for realizing a shaped coupling which forms an axial constraint with said vertical locking element ( 22 , 50 ), in the locking configuration, and further comprising, before the step of inserting the locking key ( 40 ), the steps of:
 preparing a vertical locking element ( 22 , 50 ) having an aperture ( 51 ) and attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 );   fastening said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) to the vertical locking element ( 22 , 50 ) by means of said attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) so as to make them integral the one with the other.   
     
     
         13 . Assembly method, according to  claim 11 , wherein said locking key ( 40 ) comprises a shape element ( 43 ), and further comprising, after the step of fastening the locking key ( 40 ), the steps of:
 preparing a vertical locking element ( 23 , 50 ) having an aperture ( 51 ) suitable for the transit of said shape element ( 43 );   fitting said vertical locking element ( 23 , 50 ) over the shape element ( 43 ) of the locking key ( 40 );   rotating said vertical locking element ( 23 , 50 ) over the locking key ( 40 ) so as to form a shaped coupling which forms an axial constraint with said locking key ( 40 );   fastening said connection sections ( 19 , 19 ′) of beams ( 10 , 10 ′) to said vertical locking element ( 23 , 50 ) by means of said attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ) so as to make the integral the one with the other.   
     
     
         14 . Method of assembly of a module ( 120 ) for a load-bearing structure ( 100 ), comprising the steps of:
 making a lower base ( 121 ) of the module ( 120 ) by means of beams ( 10 , 10 ′): connecting each beam ( 10 ), at both extremities, to another beam ( 10 ) by means of a first nodal system ( 30 ) according to the method in accordance with  claim 11 ;   forming the height ( 122 ) of the module ( 120 ) by means of pillars ( 20 ): fastening, by means of attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ), each pillar ( 20 ) to the further vertical locking element ( 22 , 33 , 50 ) of the first nodal system ( 30 );   making the upper base ( 123 ) of the module ( 120 ) by means of beams ( 10 , 10 ′): connecting each beam ( 10 ), at both extremities, to another beam ( 10 ) by means of a second nodal system ( 30 ) according to the method of  claim 11 , and fastening, by means of attachment means ( 16 , 16 ′, 56 , 106 ), each pillar ( 20 ) to the vertical locking element ( 22 , 33 , 50 ) of the second nodal system ( 30 ).   
     
     
         15 . Locking key ( 40 ), suitable for forming a mechanical connection between components, comprising:
 a central body ( 41 ) with axis Z;   wings ( 42 ) which protrude from the central body ( 41 ), extend radially from it, and comprise holes ( 48 );   two shape elements ( 43 , 44 ) positioned at the extremities of the central body ( 41 ) and comprising edges ( 45 ) which project radially in relation to the central body ( 41 ); wherein said locking key ( 40 ), is suitable for switching from an input configuration, wherein said locking key ( 40 ) is suitable for being inserted between components to be mechanically connected, to a locking configuration, rotated around the axis Z with respect to the input configuration, wherein said locking key ( 40 ) is suitable for forming a mechanical connection between the components to be connected by means of the wings ( 42 ) and the shape elements ( 43 , 44 ).