Spiral wound membrane module for forward osmotic use

Abstract

A spiral wound membrane module for forward osmotic use is disclosed. The membrane module may generally include a forward osmosis membrane in a spiral wound configuration. The module may include two inlets and two outlets, and may define first and second fluid flow paths. The inlets to each of the fluid flow paths may be generally isolated so as to prevent mixing. In some embodiments, the membrane module may include a distributer region and a collector region.

1 - 35 . (canceled) 
     
     
         36 . A spiral wound forward osmosis membrane module, comprising:
 a spirally wound forward osmosis membrane having a first closed side and an opposite second closed side defining a membrane pocket having an interior region, an exterior region, a first open end, and a second open end;   a first end cap sealingly coupled to the first open end and comprising at least one first inlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first inlet and the interior region of the membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second inlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket; and   a second end cap sealingly coupled to the second open end and comprising at least one first outlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first outlet and the interior region of the membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second outlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket.   
     
     
         37 . The module of  claim 36 , wherein at least one of the first end cap and the second end cap is coupled to the membrane via an adhesive. 
     
     
         38 . The module of  claim 36 , further comprising:
 a housing configured for receiving the spiral wound forward osmosis membrane module;   a distributor chamber disposed at one end of the housing and comprising a first inlet in fluid communication with the at least one inlet of the first end cap and a second inlet in fluid communication with the at least one second inlet of the first end cap; and   a collector chamber disposed at a second end of the housing and comprising a first outlet in fluid communication with the at least one first outlet of the second end cap and a second outlet in fluid communication with the at least one second outlet of the second end cap.   
     
     
         39 . The module of  claim 36 , further comprising:
 a second spirally wound forward osmosis membrane having a first closed side and an opposite second closed side defining a second membrane pocket having an interior region, an exterior region, a first open end, and a second open end;   a first end cap sealingly coupled to the first open end of the second spirally wound forward osmosis membrane and comprising at least one first inlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first inlet and the interior region of the second membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second inlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the second membrane pocket; and   a second end cap sealingly coupled to the second open end of the second spirally wound forward osmosis membrane and comprising at least one first outlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first outlet and the interior region of the second membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second outlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the second membrane pocket.   
     
     
         40 . The module of  claim 39 , further comprising:
 a housing configured for receiving the spiral wound forward osmosis membrane module;   a distributor chamber disposed at one end of the housing and comprising a first inlet in fluid communication with the at least one first inlets of the first end caps and a second inlet in fluid communication with the at least one second inlets of the first end caps; and   a collector chamber disposed at a second end of the housing and comprising a first outlet in fluid communication with the at least one first outlets of the second end caps and a second outlet in fluid communication with the at least one second outlets of the second end caps.   
     
     
         41 . The module of  claim 36 , wherein at least a portion of one of the first and second end caps of the spirally wound forward osmosis membrane is potted. 
     
     
         42 . The module of  claim 36 , further comprising at least one spacer positioned along a fluid flow path defined by the interior region of the membrane pocket from the at least one first inlet to the at least one first outlet. 
     
     
         43 . The module of  claim 36 , wherein the exterior region of the membrane pocket is defined by a rejecting layer of the spirally wound forward osmosis membrane. 
     
     
         44 . A water treatment system, comprising:
 a spiral wound forward osmosis membrane module, comprising:
 a spirally wound forward osmosis membrane having a first closed side and an opposite second closed side defining a membrane pocket having an interior region, an exterior region, a first open end, and a second open end; 
   a first end cap coupled to the first open end and comprising at least one first inlet in fluid communication with the interior region of the membrane pocket and at least one second inlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket; and   a second end cap coupled to the second open end and comprising at least one first outlet in fluid communication with the interior region of the membrane pocket and at least one second outlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket, wherein the membrane module is constructed and arranged to define isolated and substantially parallel first and second fluid flow paths between the first end cap and the second end cap along a longitudinal axis of the module and the at least one first inlet and the at least one first outlet are fluidly connected to the first fluid flow path; and the at least one second inlet and the at least one second outlet are fluidly connected to the second fluid flow path.   
     
     
         45 . The system of  claim 44 , further comprising a source of a first solution fluidly connected to the first inlet, and a source of a second solution fluidly connected to the second inlet. 
     
     
         46 . The system of  claim 45 , wherein the source of the first solution is a source of a saline solution. 
     
     
         47 . The system of  claim 45 , wherein the source of the second solution comprises a source of a draw solution. 
     
     
         48 . The system of  claim 47 , wherein the draw solution comprises ammonia and carbon dioxide in a molar ratio of greater than 1 to 1. 
     
     
         49 . The system of  claim 44  further comprising a control system configured to control at least one of a flow rate of the first solution at the first inlet and a flow rate of the second solution at the second inlet. 
     
     
         50 . The system of  claim 44 , further comprising a separation system fluidly connected to one of the first and second outlets. 
     
     
         51 . The system of  claim 50 , wherein an outlet of the separation system is fluidly connected to one of the first and second inlets. 
     
     
         52 . A method of facilitating a water treatment process, comprising:
 providing a spiral wound forward osmosis membrane module, the module comprising:
 a spirally wound forward osmosis membrane having a first closed side and an opposite second closed side defining a membrane pocket having an interior region, an exterior region, a first open end, and a second open end; 
 a first end cap sealingly coupled to the first open end and comprising at least one first inlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first inlet and the interior region of the membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second inlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket; and 
 a second end cap sealingly coupled to the second open end and comprising at least one first outlet and a manifold having an interior portion in fluid communication with the at least one first outlet and the interior region of the membrane pocket and an exterior portion defining at least one second outlet in fluid communication with the exterior region of the membrane pocket; 
   fluidly connecting a source of a draw solution to the at least one first inlet; and   fluidly connecting a source of an aqueous solution to be treated to the at least one second inlet.   
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 52 , wherein fluidly connecting a source of a draw solution to the first inlet comprises fluidly connecting a source of a draw solution comprising ammonia and carbon dioxide in a molar ratio of greater than 1 to 1. 
     
     
         54 . The method of  claim 52 , further comprising fluidly connecting the first outlet to a distillation column. 
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 54 , further comprising fluidly connecting an outlet of the distillation column to the first inlet.