Heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger ( 1 ) for indirect heat transfer between a first medium (F 1 ) and a second medium (F 2 ), comprising: a shell ( 2 ) which has a shell space ( 3 ) for receiving the first medium (F 1 ), a heat transfer block ( 4 ) which is disposed in the shell space ( 3 ) and which during correct operation is surrounded by the first medium (F 1 ), wherein the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is designed to cool the second medium (F 2 ) against the first medium (F 1 ), such that a gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) forms in the shell space ( 3 ). According to the invention a collecting channel ( 5 ) located in the shell space ( 3 ) is provided for drawing off the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) from the shell space ( 3 ).

1 . A heat exchanger ( 1 ) for the indirect heat transfer between a first medium (F 1 ) and a second medium (F 2 ), with:
 a shell ( 2 ) which has a shell space ( 3 ) for receiving the first medium (F 1 ),   at least one heat transfer block ( 4 ) which is arranged in the shell space ( 3 ) and enveloped by the first medium (F 1 ) during a design-specified operation, wherein the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is designed for cooling and/or for at least partially liquefying the second medium (F 2 ) against the first medium (F 1 ) so that a gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) is formed in the shell space ( 3 ), wherein the at least one heat transfer block ( 4 ) is a plate heat exchanger,   characterized in that   for extracting the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) from the shell space ( 3 ), provision is made for a collecting channel ( 5 ) which is located in the shell space ( 3 ).   
     
     
         2 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is designed so that the first medium (F 1 ) can rise in the heat transfer block ( 4 ) during operation of the heat exchanger ( 1 ), wherein the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is especially designed for conducting the second medium (F 2 ) in counterflow or crossflow to the first medium (F 1 ) in the heat transfer block ( 4 ). 
     
     
         3 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that a multiplicity of heat transfer blocks ( 4 ) in the form of plate heat exchangers are arranged in the shell space. 
     
     
         4 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that the collecting channel ( 5 ) is connected to at least one outlet connector ( 6 ) which is provided on the shell ( 2 ) so that the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) can be extracted from the shell space ( 3 ) through the collecting channel ( 5 ) via the at least one outlet connector ( 6 ). 
     
     
         5 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 4 , characterized in that the collecting channel ( 5 ) has a wall (W) which defines an interior space (I) of the collecting channel ( 5 ) in which the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) can flow towards the outlet connector ( 6 ), and which extends along a horizontal direction of extension ( 7 ) which stretches along an upper side ( 8 ) of the shell ( 2 ). 
     
     
         6 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 5 , characterized in that the collecting channel ( 5 ) has an especially box-shaped or tubular cross section transversely to the direction of extension ( 7 ). 
     
     
         7 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 5 , characterized in that the wall (W) of the collecting channel ( 5 ) has an upper side ( 9 ) and an oppositely disposed lower side ( 10 ), wherein the upper side ( 9 ) and the lower side ( 10 ) are interconnected via mutually opposite sidewalls ( 11 ) of the wall (W) of the collecting channel ( 5 ). 
     
     
         8 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 7 , characterized in that one section of the wall (W) of the collecting channel ( 5 ), especially an upper side ( 9 ) of the wall (W), is formed by the shell ( 2 ). 
     
     
         9 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 7 , characterized in that the lower side ( 10 ) and/or the sidewalls ( 11 ) of the collecting channel ( 5 ) have a multiplicity of especially slot-like inlet openings ( 12 ) through which the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) can flow into the collecting channel ( 5 ). 
     
     
         10 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 4 , characterized in that the collecting channel ( 5 ) has two end faces ( 11   a,    11   b ) which lie opposite each other along the direction of extension ( 7 ), wherein the spacings of adjacent inlet openings ( 12 ) decrease towards the respective end face ( 11   a,    11   b ). 
     
     
         11 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 7 , characterized in that the lower side ( 10 ) and/or the sidewalls ( 11 ) of the collecting channel ( 5 ) have a multiplicity of especially circular inlet openings ( 13 ) through which the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) can flow into the collecting channel ( 5 ). 
     
     
         12 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 4 , characterized in that the cross section of the collecting channel ( 5 ) increases towards the outlet connector ( 6 ) so that a velocity field (v) of the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) in the collecting channel ( 5 ) remains essentially constant with regard to value. 
     
     
         13 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 1 ) has additional outlet connectors ( 6 ) which are interconnected via the collecting channel ( 5 ). 
     
     
         14 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 1 ) has a large number of collecting channels ( 5 ) which are connected in each case to at least one outlet connector ( 6 ). 
     
     
         15 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 1 , characterized in that the shell ( 2 ) has a cylindrical encompassing wall ( 14 ) transversely to the direction of extension ( 7 ), which interconnects the two end-face walls ( 15 ) of the shell ( 2 ). 
     
     
         16 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 4 , characterized in that the at least one outlet connector ( 6 ) is arranged on the encompassing wall (W) of the shell ( 2 ), especially on an upper section, a side section or a lower section ( 8 ,  16 ) of the wall ( 14 ) of the shell ( 2 ), or in that the at least one outlet connector ( 6 ) is arranged on one of the end-face walls ( 15 ) of the shell ( 2 ). 
     
     
         17 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 9 , characterized in that the number, distribution, size and/or shape of the inlet openings ( 12 ,  13 ) on the collecting channel ( 5 ) is, or are, selected so that the velocity field (v) of the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) is established essentially uniformly with regard to value in the collecting channel ( 5 ) and especially also in the shell space ( 3 ). 
     
     
         18 . A heat exchanger ( 1 ) for the indirect heat transfer between a first medium (F 1 ) and a second medium (F 2 ), with:
 a shell ( 2 ) which has a shell space ( 3 ) for receiving the first medium (F 1 ),   at least one heat transfer block ( 4 ) which is arranged in the shell space ( 3 ) and enveloped by the first medium (F 1 ) during a design-specified operation, wherein the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is designed for cooling and/or for at least partially liquefying the second medium (F 2 ) against the first medium (F 1 ) so that a gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) is formed in the shell space ( 3 ),   wherein for extracting the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) from the shell space ( 3 ), provision is made for a collecting channel ( 5 ) which is located in the shell space ( 3 ) and extends along a direction of extension which is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shell,   and wherein the at least one heat transfer block ( 4 ) is a plate heat exchanger,   and wherein the collecting channel ( 5 ) is connected to at least one outlet connector ( 6 ) which is provided on the shell ( 2 ) so that the gaseous phase of the first medium (G 1 ) can be extracted from the shell space ( 3 ) through the collecting channel ( 5 ) via the at least one outlet connector ( 6 ),   and wherein the collecting channel ( 5 ) has two end faces ( 11   a,    11   b ) which lie mutually opposite along the direction of extension of the collecting channel ( 5 ),   characterized in that   the collecting channel ( 5 ) has a cross section transversely to the direction of extension ( 7 ) which increases towards the outlet connector ( 6 ) and   the collecting channel ( 5 ) has a multiplicity of inlet openings ( 12 ,  13 ) for extracting the gaseous phase, wherein the spacings of adjacent inlet openings decrease towards the respective end face ( 11   a,    11   b ) of the collecting channel ( 5 ).   
     
     
         19 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 18 , characterized in that the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is designed so that the first medium (F 1 ) can rise in the heat transfer block ( 4 ) during operation of the heat exchanger ( 1 ), wherein the heat transfer block ( 4 ) is especially designed for conducting the second medium (F 2 ) in counterflow or crossflow to the first medium (F 1 ) in the heat transfer block ( 4 ). 
     
     
         20 . The heat exchanger as claimed in  claim 18 , characterized in that a multiplicity of heat transfer blocks ( 4 ) in the form of plate heat exchangers are arranged in the shell space.