Carbon-based durable goods and renewable fuel from biomass waste dissociation for transportation and storage

Abstract

Techniques, systems, apparatus and material are disclosed for generating renewable energy from biomass waste while sequestering carbon. In one aspect, method performed by a reactor to dissociate raw biomass waste into a renewable source energy or a carbon byproduct or both includes receiving the raw biomass waste that includes carbon, hydrogen and oxygen to be dissociated under an anaerobic reaction. Waste heat is recovered from an external heat source to heat the received raw biomass waste. The heated raw biomass waste is dissociated to produce the renewable fuel, carbon byproduct or both. The dissociating includes compacting the heated raw biomass waste, generating heat from an internal heat source, and applying the generated heat to the compacted biomass waste under pressure.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A system for dissociation of waste into a renewable fuel or a carbon byproduct or both, the system comprising:
 a hopper to receive the waste that in hides carbon, hydrogen and oxygen to be dissociated under an anaerobic reaction;   a waste heat exchanger coupled to the hopper to recover waste heat from an external heat source an transfer the recovered heat to the hopper to heat the waste; and   a pressurized and heated reactor coupled to the hopper to receive the heated waste, the reactor comprising a conveyor to compact the heated waste, and a combustor to generate heat used in the anaerobic reaction to dissociate the compacted waste to produce the renewable fuel, carbon byproduct or both.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the external heat source comprises a device for generating renewable energy comprising at least one of a wind energy generator, solar energy generator, an energy generator from running water and a geothermal energy generator. 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the conveyor is configured to: advance the compacted waste towards a dissociation zone for dissociating the compacted waste; and remove moisture and air from the advancing compacted waste. 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 3 , wherein the conveyor comprises: a progressively reduced pitch of helical flights of rotating tubes on an exterior surface of the conveyor to facilitate the removal of moisture and air. 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 3 , wherein the pressurized and heated reactor is shaped to reduce a cross sectional area within the reactor for advancing the compacted waste material while facilitating the removal of moisture and air. 
     
     
         6 . The system of  claim 1 , further comprising: a countercurrent heat exchanger coupled to the reactor to transfer heat from the produced renewable fuel or carbon byproduct or both to the compacted waste that travels in a counter-flow direction from the advancing compacted waste. 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the renewable fuel comprises at least one of hydrocarbon, alcohol, ammonia and hydrogen; and wherein the carbon byproduct comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 7 , wherein the hydrocarbon comprises at least one of methane and ethane; and wherein the alcohol comprises at least one of methanol and ethanol. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 7 , further comprising: a hydrocarbon conversion system comprising one or more heat exchangers coupled to the reactor to receive the hydrocarbon and further coupled to the heat source to receive heat used to separate the hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the waste comprises organic material containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen obtained in response to photosynthesis. 
     
     
         11 . The system of claim further comprising a catalytic reaction zone for receiving a catalyst to facilitate formation of the renewable fuel comprising a hydrocarbon. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the catalyst comprises at least one of, chromium, ceramics with rare earth constituents, a platinum metal group, nobleized nickel, and intermetallics of transition metals. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 1 , wherein the waste comprises at least one ref glucose, lignin and cellulosic feedstock.