Nutraceuticals containing nitro fatty acids

Abstract

Activated fatty acids, nutraceutical compositions including activated fatty acids, methods for using activated fatty acids to treat a variety of diseases, and methods for preparing activated fatty acids are provided herein.

1 . A dietary supplement comprising:
 a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids; and   a nutraceutically acceptable excipient.   
     
     
         2 . A gel capsule comprising:
 a core having a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids; and   one or more coating layers encapsulating the core.   
     
     
         3 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein the gel capsule is flavored. 
     
     
         4 . The gel capsule of  claim 3 , wherein the flavoring agent is a flavor selected from berry, strawberry, chocolate, cocoa, lemon, butter, almond, cashew, macadamia nut, coconut, blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, peach, lemon, lime, mint, orange, banana, chili pepper, pepper, cinnamon, and pineapple. 
     
     
         5 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein at least one of the one or more coating layers comprises at least one flavoring agent. 
     
     
         6 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein the core comprises at least one flavoring agent. 
     
     
         7 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein at least one of the one or more coating layers comprises an enteric coating. 
     
     
         8 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein the core further comprises one or more agents selected from solubilizers, stabilizers, colorants, plastizers, diluents, fillers, disintegrants, binders, lubricants, surfactants, hydrophobic vehicles, water soluble vehicles, emulsifiers, buffers, humectants, moisturizers, antioxidants, or preservatives. 
     
     
         9 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , wherein the core, at least one of the one or more coating layers, or a combination thereof further comprises one or more secondary agents. 
     
     
         10 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , comprising:
 a core having from about 10 mg to about 500 mg of one or more activated fatty acids and from about 10 mg to about 100 mg of vitamin C; and   one or more coating layers encapsulating the core;   wherein the core, at least one of the one or more coating layers, or combinations thereof include from about 0.25% by weight to about 3.0% by weight of one or more flavoring agents.   
     
     
         11 . The gel capsule of  claim 2 , comprising:
 a core having from about 10 mg to about 500 mg of one or more activated fatty acids and from about 2 mg to about 50 mg of vitamin E; and   one or more coating layers encapsulating the core;   wherein the core, at least one of the one or more coating layers, or combinations thereof include from about 0.25% by weight to about 3.0% by weight of one or more flavoring agents.   
     
     
         12 . A method for improving the health of an individual comprising administering to the individual a dietary supplement comprising:
 a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids; and   a nutraceutically acceptable excipient.   
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the dietary supplement comprises:
 a first fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids selected from nitro-linoleic acid, keto-linoleic acid, nitro-oleic acid, and keto-oleic acid; and   a second fatty acid component having one or more non-activated fatty acid selected from linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or derivatives thereof.   
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises vitamin E or a derivative thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises one or more secondary agents selected from vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin D3, vitamin E, selenium, β-carotene, ginko biloba, goldenseal, valerian, ginseng, echinacea, grape seed extracts, ephedra, yucca concentrates, green tea extract, rice bran extract, wheat germ, wheat germ extract, beeswax, red yeast rice extract, stevia leaf extract, flaxseed oil, borage seed oil, coenzyme Q10, glucosamine derivatives, methylsulfonylmethane, pantothenic acid, biotin, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, palmitic acid, and derivatives thereof. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises one or more secondary agents selected from policosanols, guggulipids, rice bran extract, wheat germ, wheat germ extract, beeswax, and red yeast rice extract, wherein the dietary supplement is formulated to promote a healthy heart and circulatory system. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises one or more secondary agents selected from vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin D3, vitamin E, selenium, goldenseal, valerian, ginseng, and echinacea, wherein the dietary supplement is formulated to promote healthy cell proliferation. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises one or more secondary agents selected from vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene, wherein the dietary supplement is formulated to promote healthy eyes. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the dietary supplement further comprises one or more secondary agents selected from vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, ginko biloba, goldenseal, valerian, ginseng, echinacea, ephedra, green tea extract, and yucca concentrate, wherein the dietary supplement is formulated to promote cognitive health or formulated as a neuroprotectant.