Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods

Abstract

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

1 - 114 . (canceled) 
     
     
         115 . A method of treating an industrial waste gas, comprising
 contacting an industrial waste gas comprising carbon dioxide and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of NOx, SOx, metal, organic, particulate matter, and a combination thereof with a waste stream from an industrial process comprising divalent cations and hydroxide ions to form a precipitation material comprising metastable carbonate selected from vaterite, aragonite, and a combination thereof and the at least one other component wherein the at least one other component is precipitated, trapped, adsorbed, or a combination thereof; and   combining the precipitation material with water to convert the metastable carbonate into stable carbonate.   
     
     
         116 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the waste stream from the industrial process is a liquid, solid, or combination thereof. 
     
     
         117 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the waste stream is mining waste, ash, slag, cement kiln waste, oil refinery/petrochemical refinery waste, coal seam waste, paper processing waste, water softening waste brine, silicon processing waste, agricultural waste, metal finishing waste, high pH textile waste, caustic sludge, or combinations thereof. 
     
     
         118 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the waste stream from the industrial process comprises calcium hydroxide. 
     
     
         119 . The method of claim  1 , further comprising adding ammonia to the waste stream. 
     
     
         120 . The method of claim  1 , further comprising adding nitrogenous bases to the waste stream. 
     
     
         121 . The method of  claim 120 , wherein the nitrogenous base is organic amine. 
     
     
         122 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the at least one other component is sulfate, sulfite, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         123 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the precipitation material is a slurry comprising solids and supernatant. 
     
     
         124 . The method of  claim 123 , further comprising separating the solids from the supernatant. 
     
     
         125 . The method of  claim 124 , further comprising recirculating the supernatant to the waste stream. 
     
     
         126 . The method of claim  1 , further comprising drying the precipitation material before combining with water. 
     
     
         127 . The method of  claim 126 , wherein the precipitation material is used to make supplementary cementitious material, cement, aggregate, mortar, concrete, pozzolan, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         128 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the industrial waste gas is a gas produced by power plant, chemical processing plant, mechanical processing plant, refinery, cement plant, or steel plant. 
     
     
         129 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, radium, selenium, silver, strontium, thallium, vanadium, and zinc. 
     
     
         130 . The method of claim  1 , further comprising adding one or more additives during the contacting step selected from the group consisting of flocculant, dispersant, surfactant, anti-scalant, crystal growth retarder, and sequestration agent. 
     
     
         131 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the metastable carbonate has a particle size between 0.1 μm to 100 μm. 
     
     
         132 . The method of claim  1 , wherein the metastable carbonate has a surface area between 0.5 to 100 m 2 /gm.